2 Chronicles – Chapter 13

Old Testament22 Verses

Chapter Summary

2 Chronicles 13 opens with the words: "In the eighteenth year of king Jeroboam, Abia reigned over Juda." The chapter centers on David, Solomon and Aaron. Across its 22 verses, two threads run through the text: family and covenant relationships and God's kingdom and kingship. The Church invites us to read this chapter within the whole sweep of salvation history, where every page points toward Christ.

1In the eighteenth year of king Jeroboam, Abia reigned over Juda.

2Three years he reigned in Jerusalem, and his mother's name was Michaia, the daughter of Uriel of Gabaa: and there was war between Abia and Jeroboam.

3And when Abia had begun battle, and had with him four hundred thousand most valiant and chosen men, Jeroboam put his army in array against him, eight hundred thousand men, who were also chosen and most valiant for war.

4And Abia stood upon mount Semeron, which was in Ephraim, and said: Hear me, O Jeroboam, and all Israel:

5Do you not know that the Lord God of Israel gave to David the kingdom over Israel for ever, to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt?

6And Jeroboam the son of Nabat, the servant of Solomon the son of David, rose up: and rebelled against his lord.

7And there were gathered to him vain men, and children of Belial: and they prevailed against Roboam the son of Solomon: for Roboam was unexperienced, and of a fearful heart, and could not resist them.

8And now you say that you are able to withstand the kingdom of the Lord, which he possesseth by the sons of David, and you have a great multitude of people, and golden calves, which Jeroboam hath made you for gods.

9And you have cast out the priests of the Lord, the sons of Aaron, and the Levites: and you have made you priests, like all the nations of the earth: whosoever cometh and consecrateth his hand with a bullock of the herd, and with seven rams, is made a priest of those who are no gods.

10But the Lord is our God, whom we forsake not, and the priests who minister to the Lord are the sons of Aaron, and the Levites are in their order.

11And they offer holocausts to the Lord, every day, morning and evening, and incense made according to the ordinance of the law, and the loaves are set forth on a most clean table, and there is with us the golden candlestick, and the lamps thereof, to be lighted always in the evening: for we keep the precepts of the Lord our God, whom you have forsaken.

12Therefore God is the leader in our army, and his priests who sound with trumpets, and resound against you: O children of Israel, fight not against the Lord the God of your fathers, for it is not good for you.

13While he spoke these things, Jeroboam caused an ambushment to come about behind him. And while he stood facing the enemies, he encompassed Juda, who perceived it not, with his army.

14And when Juda looked back, they saw the battle coming upon them both before and behind, and they cried to the Lord: and the priests began to sound with the trumpets.

15And all the men of Juda shouted: and behold when they shouted, God terrified Jeroboam, and all Israel that stood against Abia and Juda.

16And the children of Israel fled before Juda, and the Lord delivered them into their hand.

17And Abia and his people slew them with a great slaughter, and there fell wounded of Israel five hundred thousand valiant men.

18And the children of Israel were brought down, at that time, and the children of Juda were exceedingly strengthened, because they had trusted in the Lord the God of their fathers.

19And Abia pursued after Jeroboam, and took cities from him, Bethel and her daughters, and Jesana with her daughters, Ephron also and her daughters.

20And Jeroboam was not able to resist any more, in the days of Abia: and the Lord struck him, and he died.

21But Abia, being strengthened in his kingdom, took fourteen wives: and begot two and twenty sons, and sixteen daughters.

22And the rest of the acts of Abia, and of his ways and works, are written diligently in the book of Addo the prophet.

Important Verses in 2 Chronicles 13

Do you not know that the Lord God of Israel gave to David the kingdom over Israel for ever, to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt?

2 Chronicles 13:5

And now you say that you are able to withstand the kingdom of the Lord, which he possesseth by the sons of David, and you have a great multitude of people, and golden calves, which Jeroboam hath made you for gods.

2 Chronicles 13:8

Therefore God is the leader in our army, and his priests who sound with trumpets, and resound against you: O children of Israel, fight not against the Lord the God of your fathers, for it is not good for you.

2 Chronicles 13:12

And the children of Israel were brought down, at that time, and the children of Juda were exceedingly strengthened, because they had trusted in the Lord the God of their fathers.

2 Chronicles 13:18

Historical Context

2 Chronicles belongs to the Old Testament and was composed for the restored community, urged to keep worship pure and hearts humble. Chapter 13 of 36 stands in the central portion of the book, where decisive events or teachings take shape. It is a narrative passage recounting concrete events in salvation history with 22 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. David, Solomon and Aaron appear at the center of the events recorded here. The passage starts with these words: "In the eighteenth year of king Jeroboam, Abia reigned over Juda." The final verse reads: "And the rest of the acts of Abia, and of his ways and works, are written diligently in the book of Addo the prophet. " Read against its original backdrop, Second Chronicles spans from Solomon's Temple to the decree of Cyrus allowing the exiles to return home. The book's material reflects the era summarized as follows: After the return from exile, around 400-350 BC.

Who Wrote It

Traditionally attributed to Ezra ('the Chronicler')

When It Was Written

After the return from exile, around 400-350 BC

Catholic Commentary

Read at the narrative level, this chapter describes real persons, decisions, and consequences within Temple worship and Judah's kings. A pivotal line is verse 5: "Do you not know that the Lord God of Israel gave to David the kingdom over Israel for ever, to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt?" The passage repeatedly touches on family and covenant relationships.

The Church teaches that every passage of Scripture must be read in light of Christ and the Magisterium (CIC 2772). Here, the Temple liturgy prefigures the Church's worship (CIC 1093). The spiritual sense invites believers to recognize family and covenant relationships as part of God's pedagogy of salvation.

Applied to the life of faith, the passage supports the Church's conviction that True worship requires a pure heart. Whether read privately or heard in the liturgy, 2 Chronicles 13 calls for a response of faith, repentance, and charity.

Main Teachings

  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.
  • God's kingdom is not of this world; every earthly throne stands under His eternal reign.
  • Faith is a gift and a decision: entrusting ourselves entirely to God and to His promises.

People in This Chapter

David3 mentionsSolomon2 mentionsAaron2 mentions

Reflection for Today

In 2 Chronicles Chapter 13, the Church invites us to listen attentively to God's Word within the broader narrative of Temple worship and Judah's kings.

The Second Vatican Council reminded the faithful that Scripture should permeate Catholic spirituality (Dei Verbum, 21-26). 2 Chronicles Chapter 13 supports that call by drawing attention to the moral law as path to freedom within the wider message that True worship requires a pure heart.

As you continue through 2 Chronicles, carry this chapter's lesson into your family, parish, and work. Catholic faith is always ecclesial—God speaks to us as members of Christ's Body, not as isolated individuals.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 2 Chronicles Chapter 13 about?

2 Chronicles 13 contains 22 verses. It opens with "In the eighteenth year of king Jeroboam, Abia reigned over Juda." and closes with "And the rest of the acts of Abia, and of his ways and works, are written diligently in the book of Addo the prophet. ". The book as a whole is historical narrative.

What is a key verse in 2 Chronicles 13?

One of the most significant verses is verse 5: "Do you not know that the Lord God of Israel gave to David the kingdom over Israel for ever, to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt?" It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in 2 Chronicles Chapter 13?

This chapter mentions David, Solomon, Aaron.

Who wrote 2 Chronicles and when?

Traditionally attributed to Ezra ('the Chronicler'). After the return from exile, around 400-350 BC.

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