Judith – Chapter 2

Old Testament18 Verses

Chapter Summary

Judith 2 opens with the words: "In the thirteenth year of the reign of Nabuchodonosor, the two and twentieth day of the first month, the word was given out in the house of…" The chapter centers on Nebuchadnezzar and Holofernes. Across its 18 verses, two threads run through the text: God's kingdom and kingship and family and covenant relationships. Read slowly, this chapter rewards the kind of prayerful attention the Church calls lectio divina.

1In the thirteenth year of the reign of Nabuchodonosor, the two and twentieth day of the first month, the word was given out in the house of Nabuchodonosor king of the Assyrians, that he would revenge himself.

2And he called all the ancients, and all the governors, and his officers of war, and communicated to them the secret of his counsel:

3And he said that his thoughts were to bring all the earth under his empire.

4And when this saying pleased them all, Nabuchodonosor, the king, called Holofernes the general of his armies,

5And said to him: Go out against all the kingdoms of the west, and against them especially that despised my commandment.

6Thy eye shall not spare any kingdom, and all the strong cities thou shalt bring under my yoke.

7Then Holofernes called the captains, and officers of the power of the Assyrians: and he mustered men for the expedition, and the king commanded him, a hundred and twenty thousand fighting men on foot, and twelve thousand archers, horsemen.

8And he made all his warlike preparations to go before with a multitude of innumerable camels, with all provisions sufficient for the armies in abundance, and herds of oxen, and flocks of sheep, without number.

9He appointed corn to be prepared out of all Syria in his passage.

10But gold and silver he took out of the king's house in great abundance.

11And he went forth he and all the army, with the chariots, and horsemen, and archers, who covered the face of the earth, like locusts.

12And when he had passed through the borders of the Assyrians, he came to the great mountains of Ange, which are on the left of Cilicia: and he went up to all their castles, and took all the strong places.

13And he took by assault the renowned city of Melothus, and pillaged all the children of Tharsis, and the children of Ismahel, who were over against the face of the desert, and on the south of the land of Cellon.

14And he passed over the Euphrates and came into Mesopotamia: and he forced all the stately cities that were there, from the torrent of Mambre, till one comes to the sea:

15And he took the borders thereof, from Cilicia to the coasts of Japheth, which are towards the south.

16And he carried away all the children of Madian, and stripped them of all their riches, and all that resisted him he slew with the edge of the sword.

17And after these things he went down into the plains of Damascus in the days of the harvest, and he set all the corn on fire, and he caused all the trees and vineyards to be cut down.

18And the fear of them fell upon all the inhabitants of the land.

Important Verses in Judith 2

In the thirteenth year of the reign of Nabuchodonosor, the two and twentieth day of the first month, the word was given out in the house of Nabuchodonosor king of the Assyrians, that he would revenge himself.

Judith 2:1

And said to him: Go out against all the kingdoms of the west, and against them especially that despised my commandment.

Judith 2:5

And he made all his warlike preparations to go before with a multitude of innumerable camels, with all provisions sufficient for the armies in abundance, and herds of oxen, and flocks of sheep, without number.

Judith 2:8

And the fear of them fell upon all the inhabitants of the land.

Judith 2:18

Historical Context

Judith belongs to the Old Testament and was composed for israel under foreign oppression, called to courage and prayer. Chapter 2 of 16 belongs to the early movement of the book, where the narrative or argument is still unfolding. It is a narrative passage recounting concrete events in salvation history with 18 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. Historical attention falls on Nebuchadnezzar and Holofernes, the principal figures named in this chapter. The passage starts with these words: "In the thirteenth year of the reign of Nabuchodonosor, the two and twentieth day of the first month, the word was given…" The chapter ends with: "And the fear of them fell upon all the inhabitants of the land. " The wider setting of Judith is this: Judith is a deuterocanonical account of a courageous widow who saves Israel by beheading the invading general Holofernes. Scholarly and ecclesial tradition places the composition of Judith around Probably 2nd century BC, during or after the Maccabean crisis.

Who Wrote It

Unknown Jewish author

When It Was Written

Probably 2nd century BC, during or after the Maccabean crisis

Catholic Commentary

In this 18-verse narrative, the sacred author records events that advance the story of courage, faith, and God's deliverance. A pivotal line is verse 1: "In the thirteenth year of the reign of Nabuchodonosor, the two and twentieth day of the first month, the word was given out in the house of Nabuchodonosor king…" The passage repeatedly touches on God's kingdom and kingship.

The Church teaches that every passage of Scripture must be read in light of Christ and the Magisterium (CIC 1362). Here, Judith prefigures Mary, who crushes the serpent's head (CIC 489). The spiritual sense invites believers to recognize God's kingdom and kingship as part of God's pedagogy of salvation.

The moral and spiritual import remains timely: God's kingdom is not of this world; every earthly throne stands under His eternal reign.. St. Jerome insisted that ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ; this chapter offers material for meditation, examination of conscience, and deeper love of God.

Main Teachings

  • God's kingdom is not of this world; every earthly throne stands under His eternal reign.
  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.
  • God's presence casts out fear; His command 'Be not afraid' echoes throughout salvation history.

People in This Chapter

Nebuchadnezzar3 mentionsHolofernes2 mentions

Reflection for Today

The early section of Judith—Chapter 2 of 16—opens a particular moment in the story of courage, faith, and God's deliverance.

According to Catholic teaching, Judith prefigures Mary, who crushes the serpent's head (CIC 489). This chapter especially highlights care for the poor and vulnerable, a theme the Catechism develops in relation to the whole of revelation (CIC 1965).

Consider praying with this chapter again at day's end, offering God gratitude for one insight received. The Church encourages daily contact with Scripture (CIC 2340) so that Christ's mind may be formed in us.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Judith Chapter 2 about?

Judith 2 contains 18 verses. It opens with "In the thirteenth year of the reign of Nabuchodonosor, the two and twentieth day of the first month, the word was given…" and closes with "And the fear of them fell upon all the inhabitants of the land. ". The book as a whole is edifying narrative (deuterocanonical).

What is a key verse in Judith 2?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "In the thirteenth year of the reign of Nabuchodonosor, the two and twentieth day of the first month, the word was given out in the house of Nabuchodonosor king of the Assyrians,…" It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in Judith Chapter 2?

This chapter mentions Nebuchadnezzar, Holofernes.

Who wrote Judith and when?

Unknown Jewish author. Probably 2nd century BC, during or after the Maccabean crisis.

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