Joshua – Chapter 20

Old Testament9 Verses

Chapter Summary

Chapter 20 of Joshua begins: "And the Lord spoke to Joshua, saying: Speak to children of Israel and say to them:" The chapter centers on Manasses, Joshua and Moses. Across its 9 verses, two threads run through the text: sin and divine judgment and family and covenant relationships. Taken as a whole, the chapter forms one movement in the account, preparing what follows and completing what came before.

1And the Lord spoke to Joshua, saying: Speak to children of Israel and say to them:

2Appoint cities of refuge, of which I spoke to you by the hand of Moses:

3That whosoever shall kill a person unawares may flee to them, and may escape the wrath of the kinsman, who is the avenger of blood.

4And when he shall flee to one of these cities: he shall stand before the gate of the city, and shall speak to the ancients of that city, such things as prove him innocent: and so shall they receive him, and give him a place to dwell in.

5And when the avenger of blood shall pursue him, they shall not deliver him into his hands, because he slew his neighbour unawares, and is not proved to have been his enemy two or three days before,

6And he shall dwell in that city, till he stand before judgment to give an account of his fact, and till the death of the high priest, who shall be at that time: then shall the manslayer return, and go into his own city and house from whence he fled.

7And they appointed Cedes in Galilee of mount Nephtali, and Sichem in mount Ephraim, and Cariath-Arbe, the same is Hebron in the mountain of Juda.

8And beyond the Jordan to the east of Jericho, they appointed Bosor, which is upon the plain of the wilderness of the tribe of Ruben, and Ramoth in Galaad of the tribe of Gad, and Gaulon in Basan of the tribe of Manasses.

9These cities were appointed for all the children of Israel, and for the strangers, that dwelt among them, that whosoever had killed a person unawares might flee to them, and not die by the hand of the kinsman, coveting to revenge the blood that was shed, until he should stand before the people to lay open his cause.

Important Verses in Joshua 20

And the Lord spoke to Joshua, saying: Speak to children of Israel and say to them:

Joshua 20:1

And when the avenger of blood shall pursue him, they shall not deliver him into his hands, because he slew his neighbour unawares, and is not proved to have been his enemy two or three days before,

Joshua 20:5

And beyond the Jordan to the east of Jericho, they appointed Bosor, which is upon the plain of the wilderness of the tribe of Ruben, and Ramoth in Galaad of the tribe of Gad, and Gaulon in Basan of the tribe of Manasses.

Joshua 20:8

Historical Context

Joshua belongs to the Old Testament and was composed for israel settled in the land, called to remember how God fulfilled His promises. Chapter 20 of 24 moves toward the climax of the book as earlier promises and conflicts converge. It is a narrative passage recounting concrete events in salvation history with 9 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. Manasses, Joshua and Moses appear at the center of the events recorded here. The passage starts with these words: "And the Lord spoke to Joshua, saying: Speak to children of Israel and say to them:" The chapter ends with: "These cities were appointed for all the children of Israel, and for the strangers, that dwelt among them, that…" In terms of historical background, Joshua narrates the entry into Canaan, the fall of Jericho, and the division of the land among the twelve tribes. Catholic tradition dates the book to the period described in its introduction: Events of the 13th century BC; written form developed between the 10th and 6th centuries BC.

Who Wrote It

Attributed by tradition to Joshua himself with additions by later inspired writers

When It Was Written

Events of the 13th century BC; written form developed between the 10th and 6th centuries BC

Catholic Commentary

Read at the narrative level, this chapter describes real persons, decisions, and consequences within conquest and inheritance of the Promised Land. A pivotal line is verse 1: "And the Lord spoke to Joshua, saying: Speak to children of Israel and say to them:" The passage repeatedly touches on sin and divine judgment.

The Church teaches that every passage of Scripture must be read in light of Christ and the Magisterium (CIC 26). Here, Catholic tradition sees Joshua as a type of Jesus, who leads us into the true Promised Land (CIC 2578). The spiritual sense invites believers to recognize sin and divine judgment as part of God's pedagogy of salvation.

The moral and spiritual import remains timely: Sin has real consequences, but God's judgment always aims at conversion and restoration.. St. Jerome insisted that ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ; this chapter offers material for meditation, examination of conscience, and deeper love of God.

Main Teachings

  • Sin has real consequences, but God's judgment always aims at conversion and restoration.
  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.
  • The Lord is a refuge and deliverer for all who call upon Him in trouble.

People in This Chapter

Manasses1 mentionJoshua1 mentionMoses1 mention

Reflection for Today

Joshua Chapter 20 belongs to the Old Testament and forms part of the Catholic canon proclaimed in the liturgy of the Word.

Through typology, the Church often reads Old Testament passages as preparing for Christ, while New Testament passages reveal Him explicitly. Catholic tradition sees Joshua as a type of Jesus, who leads us into the true Promised Land (CIC 2578). Here the believer is invited to ponder the beatitudes as a program of life.

May your reading of Joshua Chapter 20 become true lectio divina: read the words, meditate on their meaning, respond in prayer, and rest in God's presence. Ask the Holy Spirit to show how God fulfills His promises applies to your life today.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Joshua Chapter 20 about?

Joshua 20 contains 9 verses. It opens with "And the Lord spoke to Joshua, saying: Speak to children of Israel and say to them:" and closes with "These cities were appointed for all the children of Israel, and for the strangers, that dwelt among them, that…". The book as a whole is historical narrative.

What is a key verse in Joshua 20?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "And the Lord spoke to Joshua, saying: Speak to children of Israel and say to them:" It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in Joshua Chapter 20?

This chapter mentions Manasses, Joshua, Moses.

Who wrote Joshua and when?

Attributed by tradition to Joshua himself with additions by later inspired writers. Events of the 13th century BC; written form developed between the 10th and 6th centuries BC.

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