Deuteronomy – Chapter 33

Old Testament29 Verses

Chapter Summary

Chapter 33 of Deuteronomy begins: "This is the blessing, wherewith the man of God, Moses, blessed the children of Israel, before his death." The chapter centers on Jacob, Joseph and Moses. Across its 29 verses, two threads run through the text: sin and divine judgment and family and covenant relationships. Taken as a whole, the chapter forms one movement in the account, preparing what follows and completing what came before.

1This is the blessing, wherewith the man of God, Moses, blessed the children of Israel, before his death.

2And he said: The Lord came from Sinai, and from Seir he rose up to us: he hath appeared from mount Pharan, and with him thousands of saints. In his right hand a fiery law.

3He hath loved the people, all the saints are in his hand: and they that approach to his feet, shall receive of his doctrine.

4Moses commanded us a law, the inheritance of the multitude of Jacob.

5He shall be king with the most right, the princes of the people, being assembled with the tribes of Israel.

6Let Ruben live, and not die, and be he small in number.

7This is the blessing of Juda. Hear, O Lord, the voice of Juda, and bring him in unto his people: his hands shall fight for him, and he shall be his helper against his enemies.

8To Levi also he said: Thy perfection, and thy doctrine be to thy holy man, whom thou hast proved in the temptation, and judged at the waters of contradiction:

9Who hath said to his father, and to his mother: I do not know you; and to his brethren: I know you not: and their own children they have not known. These have kept thy word, and observed thy covenant,

10Thy judgments, O Jacob, and thy law, O Israel: they shall put incense in thy wrath and holocaust upon thy altar.

11Bless, O Lord, his strength, and receive the works of his hands. Strike the backs of his enemies, and let not them that hate him rise.

12And to Benjamin he said: The best beloved of the Lord shall dwell confidently in him: as in a bride chamber shall he abide all the day long, and between his shoulders shall be rest.

13To Joseph also he said: Of the blessing of the Lord be his land, of the fruits of heaven, and of the dew, and of the deep that lieth beneath.

14Of the fruits brought forth by the sun and by the moon.

15Of the tops of the ancient mountains, of the fruits of the everlasting hills:

16And of the fruits of the earth, and of the fulness thereof. The blessing of him that appeared in the bush, come upon the head of Joseph, and upon the crown of the Nazarite among his brethren.

17His beauty as of the firstling of a bullock, his horns as the horns of a rhinoceros: with them shall he push the nations even to the ends of the earth. These are the multitudes of Ephraim and these the thousands of Manasses.

18And to Zabulon he said: Rejoice, O Zabulon, in thy going out; and Issachar in thy tabernacles.

19They shall call the people to the mountain: there shall they sacrifice the victims of justice. Who shall suck as milk the abundance of the sea, and the hidden treasures of the sands.

20And to Gad he said: Blessed be Gad in his breadth: he hath rested as a lion, and hath seized upon the arm and the top of the head.

21And he saw his pre-eminence, that in his portion the teacher was laid up: who was with the princes of the people, and did the justices of the Lord, and his judgment with Israel.

22To Dan also he said: Dan is a young lion, he shall flow plentifully from Basan.

23And To Nephtali he said: Nephtali shall enjoy abundance, and shall be full of the blessings of the Lord: he shall possess the sea and the south.

24To Aser also he said: Let Aser be blessed with children, let him be acceptable to his brethren, and let him dip his foot in oil.

25His shoe shall be iron and brass. As the days of thy youth, so also shall thy old age be.

26There is no other god like the God of the rightest: he that is mounted upon the heaven is thy helper. By his magnificence the clouds run hither and thither.

27His dwelling is above, and underneath are the everlasting arms: he shall cast out the enemy from before thee, and shall say: Be thou brought to nought.

28Israel shall dwell in safety, and alone. The eye of Jacob in a land of corn and wine, and the heavens shall be misty with dew.

29Blessed art thou, Israel: who is like to thee, O people, that art saved by the Lord? the shield of thy help, and the sword of thy glory: thy enemies shall deny thee, and thou shalt tread upon their necks.

Important Verses in Deuteronomy 33

This is the blessing, wherewith the man of God, Moses, blessed the children of Israel, before his death.

Deuteronomy 33:1

And to Benjamin he said: The best beloved of the Lord shall dwell confidently in him: as in a bride chamber shall he abide all the day long, and between his shoulders shall be rest.

Deuteronomy 33:12

And he saw his pre-eminence, that in his portion the teacher was laid up: who was with the princes of the people, and did the justices of the Lord, and his judgment with Israel.

Deuteronomy 33:21

Blessed art thou, Israel: who is like to thee, O people, that art saved by the Lord? the shield of thy help, and the sword of thy glory: thy enemies shall deny thee, and thou shalt tread upon their necks.

Deuteronomy 33:29

Historical Context

Deuteronomy belongs to the Old Testament and was composed for the new generation of Israel about to cross the Jordan into Canaan. Chapter 33 of 34 moves toward the climax of the book as earlier promises and conflicts converge. It is a narrative passage recounting concrete events in salvation history with 29 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. Jacob, Joseph, Moses and Manasses appear at the center of the events recorded here. It opens with the line: "This is the blessing, wherewith the man of God, Moses, blessed the children of Israel, before his death." The chapter ends with: "Blessed art thou, Israel: who is like to thee, O people, that art saved by the Lord? the shield of thy help, and the…" In terms of historical background, Deuteronomy means 'second law': Moses' final sermons on the plains of Moab, renewing the Sinai covenant for the generation about to enter Canaan. Scholarly and ecclesial tradition places the composition of Deuteronomy around Traditions from Moses; book discovered in the Temple during King Josiah's reform around 622 BC.

Who Wrote It

Presented as Moses' farewell discourses; compiled and edited by inspired scribes, likely in the 7th century BC

When It Was Written

Traditions from Moses; book discovered in the Temple during King Josiah's reform around 622 BC

Catholic Commentary

The literal sense of Deuteronomy 33 presents a concrete episode in the history of covenant renewal and the call to love God. A pivotal line is verse 1: "This is the blessing, wherewith the man of God, Moses, blessed the children of Israel, before his death." The passage repeatedly touches on sin and divine judgment.

According to Catholic interpretation, this chapter contributes to the book's portrait of covenant renewal and the call to love God. Jesus cited Deuteronomy's command to love God as the greatest commandment (CIC 2083). The Catechism and the liturgy frequently draw on such passages to nourish faith and moral life (CIC 113).

The moral and spiritual import remains timely: Sin has real consequences, but God's judgment always aims at conversion and restoration.. St. Jerome insisted that ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ; this chapter offers material for meditation, examination of conscience, and deeper love of God.

Main Teachings

  • Sin has real consequences, but God's judgment always aims at conversion and restoration.
  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.
  • God defends the poor and the oppressed, and calls His people to act with justice.

People in This Chapter

Jacob3 mentionsJoseph2 mentionsMoses2 mentionsManasses1 mention

Reflection for Today

In Deuteronomy Chapter 33, the Church invites us to listen attentively to God's Word within the broader narrative of covenant renewal and the call to love God.

The Second Vatican Council reminded the faithful that Scripture should permeate Catholic spirituality (Dei Verbum, 21-26). Deuteronomy Chapter 33 supports that call by drawing attention to humility before the mystery of God within the wider message that Love the Lord your God with all your heart.

Entrust your meditation to Mary, who pondered God's Word in her heart. Through her intercession, may the message of humility before the mystery of God bear fruit in humility, courage, and charity this day.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Deuteronomy Chapter 33 about?

Deuteronomy 33 contains 29 verses. It opens with "This is the blessing, wherewith the man of God, Moses, blessed the children of Israel, before his death." and closes with "Blessed art thou, Israel: who is like to thee, O people, that art saved by the Lord? the shield of thy help, and the…". The book as a whole is covenant discourses and law.

What is a key verse in Deuteronomy 33?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "This is the blessing, wherewith the man of God, Moses, blessed the children of Israel, before his death." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in Deuteronomy Chapter 33?

This chapter mentions Jacob, Joseph, Moses, Manasses.

Who wrote Deuteronomy and when?

Presented as Moses' farewell discourses; compiled and edited by inspired scribes, likely in the 7th century BC. Traditions from Moses; book discovered in the Temple during King Josiah's reform around 622 BC.

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