Jeremiah – Chapter 4

Old Testament31 Verses

Chapter Summary

Jeremiah 4 opens with the words: "If thou wilt return, O Israel, saith the Lord, return to me: if thou wilt take away thy stumblingblocks out of my sight, thou shalt not be…" Across its 31 verses, two threads run through the text: sin and divine judgment and family and covenant relationships. The Church invites us to read this chapter within the whole sweep of salvation history, where every page points toward Christ.

1If thou wilt return, O Israel, saith the Lord, return to me: if thou wilt take away thy stumblingblocks out of my sight, thou shalt not be moved.

2And thou shalt swear: As the Lord liveth, in truth, and in judgment, and in justice: and the Gentiles shall bless him, and shall praise him.

3For thus saith the Lord to the men of Juda and Jerusalem: Break up anew your fallow ground, and sow not upon thorns:

4Be circumcised to the Lord, and take away the foreskins of your hearts, ye men of Juda, and ye inhabitants of Jerusalem: lest my indignation come forth like fire, and burn, and there be none that can quench it because of the wickedness of your thoughts.

5Declare ye in Juda, and make it heard in Jerusalem: speak, and sound with the trumpet in the land: cry aloud, and say: Assemble yourselves, and let us go into strong cities.

6Set up the standard in Sion. Strengthen yourselves, stay not: for I bring evil from the north, and great destruction.

7The lion is come up out of his den, and the robber of nations hath roused himself: he is come forth out of his place, to make thy land desolate: thy cities shall be laid waste, remaining without an inhabitant.

8For this gird yourselves with haircloth, lament and howl: for the fierce anger of the Lord is not turned away from us.

9And it shall come to pass in that day, saith the Lord: That the heart of the king shall perish, and the heart of the princes: and the priests shall be astonished, and the prophets shall be amazed.

10And I said: Alas, alas, alas, O Lord God, hast thou then deceived this people and Jerusalem, saying: You shall have peace: and behold the sword reacheth even to the soul?

11At that time it shall be said to this people, and to Jerusalem: A burning wind is in the ways that are in the desert of the way of the daughter of my people, not to fan, nor to cleanse.

12A full wind from these places shall come to me: and now I will speak my judgments with them.

13Behold he shall come up as a cloud, and his chariots as a tempest: his horses are swifter than eagles: woe unto us, for we are laid waste.

14Wash thy heart from wickedness, O Jerusalem, that thou mayst be saved: how long shall hurtful thoughts abide in thee?

15For a voice of one declaring from Dan, and giving notice of the idol from mount Ephraim.

16Say ye to the nations: Behold it is heard in Jerusalem, that guards are coming from a far country, and give out their voice against the cities of Juda.

17They are set round about her, as keepers of fields: because she hath provoked me to wrath, saith the Lord.

18Thy ways, and thy devices have brought these things upon thee: this is thy wickedness, because it is bitter, because it hath touched thy heart.

19My bowels, my bowels are in part, the senses of my heart are troubled within me, I will not hold my peace, for my soul hath heard the sound of the trumpet, the cry of battle.

20Destruction upon destruction is called for, and all the earth is laid waste: my tents are destroyed on a sudden, and my pavilions in a moment.

21How long shall I see men fleeing away, how long shall I hear the sound of the trumpet?

22For my foolish people have not known me: they are foolish and senseless children: they are wise to do evil, but to do good they have no knowledge.

23I beheld the earth, and lo it was void, and nothing: and the heavens, and there was no light in them.

24I looked upon the mountains, and behold they trembled: and all the hills were troubled.

25I beheld, and lo there was no man: and all the birds of the air were gone.

26I looked, and behold Carmel was a wilderness: and all its cities were destroyed at the presence of the Lord, and at the presence of the wrath of his indignation.

27For thus saith the Lord: All the land shall be desolate, but yet I will not utterly destroy.

28The Earth shall mourn, and the heavens shall lament from above: because I have spoken, I have purposed, and I have not repented, neither am I turned away from it.

29At the voice of the horsemen, and the archers, all the city is fled away: they have entered into thickets and climbed up the rocks: all the cities are forsaken, and there dwelleth not a man in them.

30But when thou art spoiled what wilt thou do? though thou clothest thyself with scarlet, though thou deckest thee with ornaments of gold, and paintest thy eyes with stibic stone, thou shalt dress thyself out in vain: thy lovers have despised thee, they will seek thy life.

31For I have heard the voice as of a woman in travail, anguishes as of a woman in labour of a child. The voice of the daughter of Sion, dying away, spreading her hands: Woe is me, for my soul hath fainted because of them that are slain.

Important Verses in Jeremiah 4

If thou wilt return, O Israel, saith the Lord, return to me: if thou wilt take away thy stumblingblocks out of my sight, thou shalt not be moved.

Jeremiah 4:1

And I said: Alas, alas, alas, O Lord God, hast thou then deceived this people and Jerusalem, saying: You shall have peace: and behold the sword reacheth even to the soul?

Jeremiah 4:10

My bowels, my bowels are in part, the senses of my heart are troubled within me, I will not hold my peace, for my soul hath heard the sound of the trumpet, the cry of battle.

Jeremiah 4:19

For thus saith the Lord: All the land shall be desolate, but yet I will not utterly destroy.

Jeremiah 4:27

Historical Context

As a Old Testament book, Jeremiah was written with judah on the brink of destruction, called to repentance in view. Chapter 4 of 52 belongs to the early movement of the book, where the narrative or argument is still unfolding. It is a prophetic oracle addressed to Israel in a moment of covenant crisis or renewal with 31 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. It opens with the line: "If thou wilt return, O Israel, saith the Lord, return to me: if thou wilt take away thy stumblingblocks out of my…" The final verse reads: "For I have heard the voice as of a woman in travail, anguishes as of a woman in labour of a child. The voice of the…" The wider setting of Jeremiah is this: Jeremiah prophesied through Judah's final decades, warning of Babylon's coming judgment while priests and false prophets promised peace. The book's material reflects the era summarized as follows: Jeremiah's ministry about 627-580 BC.

Who Wrote It

The prophet Jeremiah, with his scribe Baruch

When It Was Written

Jeremiah's ministry about 627-580 BC

Catholic Commentary

At the literal level, this oracle names the sins, judgments, or promises relevant to its original hearers. A pivotal line is verse 1: "If thou wilt return, O Israel, saith the Lord, return to me: if thou wilt take away thy stumblingblocks out of my sight, thou shalt not be moved." The passage repeatedly touches on sin and divine judgment.

According to Catholic interpretation, this chapter contributes to the book's portrait of judgment, the new covenant, and hope. Jeremiah's new covenant prophecy is fulfilled in Christ (CIC 1965). The Catechism and the liturgy frequently draw on such passages to nourish faith and moral life (CIC 1032).

The moral and spiritual import remains timely: Sin has real consequences, but God's judgment always aims at conversion and restoration.. St. Jerome insisted that ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ; this chapter offers material for meditation, examination of conscience, and deeper love of God.

Main Teachings

  • Sin has real consequences, but God's judgment always aims at conversion and restoration.
  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.
  • God defends the poor and the oppressed, and calls His people to act with justice.

Reflection for Today

In Jeremiah Chapter 4, the Church invites us to listen attentively to God's Word within the broader narrative of judgment, the new covenant, and hope.

The Second Vatican Council reminded the faithful that Scripture should permeate Catholic spirituality (Dei Verbum, 21-26). Jeremiah Chapter 4 supports that call by drawing attention to redemptive suffering united to the Cross within the wider message that God writes His law on our hearts.

If this passage raises questions, seek the Church's teaching through the Catechism, a faithful priest, or sound Catholic commentaries. Private interpretation must remain in harmony with the Magisterium (CIC 1988).

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Jeremiah Chapter 4 about?

Jeremiah 4 contains 31 verses. It opens with "If thou wilt return, O Israel, saith the Lord, return to me: if thou wilt take away thy stumblingblocks out of my…" and closes with "For I have heard the voice as of a woman in travail, anguishes as of a woman in labour of a child. The voice of the…". The book as a whole is prophetic oracles, biography, and laments.

What is a key verse in Jeremiah 4?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "If thou wilt return, O Israel, saith the Lord, return to me: if thou wilt take away thy stumblingblocks out of my sight, thou shalt not be moved." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who wrote Jeremiah and when?

The prophet Jeremiah, with his scribe Baruch. Jeremiah's ministry about 627-580 BC.

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