Jeremiah – Chapter 23

Old Testament40 Verses

Chapter Summary

"Woe to the pastors, that destroy and tear the sheep of my pasture, saith the Lord." — so begins Jeremiah 23. David stands at the center of this chapter. Across its 40 verses, two threads run through the text: sin and divine judgment and justice and care for the poor. Read slowly, this chapter rewards the kind of prayerful attention the Church calls lectio divina.

1Woe to the pastors, that destroy and tear the sheep of my pasture, saith the Lord.

2Therefore thus saith the Lord the God of Israel to the pastors that feed my people: You have scattered my flock, and driven them away, and have not visited them: behold I will visit upon you for the evil of your doings, saith the Lord.

3And I will gather together the remnant of my flock, out of all the lands into which I have cast them out: and I will make them return to their own fields, and they shall increase and be multiplied.

4And I will set up pastors over them, and they shall feed them: they shall fear no more, and they shall not be dismayed: and none shall be wanting of their number, saith the Lord.

5Behold the days come, saith the Lord, and I will raise up to David a just branch: and a king shall reign, and shall be wise: and shall execute judgment and justice in the earth.

6In those days shall Juda be saved, and Israel shall dwell confidently: and this is the name that they shall call him: The Lord our just one.

7Therefore behold the days come, saith the Lord, and they shall say no more: The Lord liveth, who brought up the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt:

8But, The Lord liveth, who hath brought out, and brought hither the seed of the house of Israel from the land of the north, and out of all the lands, to which I had cast them forth: and they shall dwell in their own land.

9To the prophets: My heart is broken within me, all my bones tremble: I am become as a drunken man, and as a man full of wine, at the presence of the Lord, and at the presence of his holy words.

10Because the land is full of adulterers, because the land hath mourned by reason of cursing, the fields of the desert are dried up: and their course is become evil, and their strength unlike.

11For the prophet and the priest are defiled: and in my house I have found their wickedness, saith the Lord.

12Therefore their way shall be as a slippery way in the dark: for they shall be driven on, and fall therein: for I will bring evils upon them, the year of their visitation, saith the Lord.

13And I have seen folly in the prophets of Samaria: they prophesied in Baal and deceived my people Israel.

14And I have seen the likeness of adulterers, and the way of lying in the prophets of Jerusalem: and they strengthened the hands of the wicked, that no man should return from his evil doings, they are all become unto me as Sodom, and the inhabitants thereof as Gomorrha.

15Therefore thus saith the Lord of hosts to the prophets: Behold I will feed them with wormwood, and will give them gall to drink: for from the prophets of Jerusalem corruption is gone forth into all the land.

16Thus saith the Lord of hosts: Hearken not to the words of the prophets that prophesy to you, and deceive you: they speak a vision of their own heart, and not out of the mouth of the Lord.

17They say to them that blaspheme me: The Lord hath said: You shall have peace: and to every one that walketh in the perverseness of his own heart, they have said: No evil shall come upon you.

18For who hath stood in the counsel of the Lord, and hath seen and heard his word? Who hath considered his word and heard it?

19Behold the whirlwind of the Lord's indignation shall come forth, and a tempest shall break out and come upon the head of the wicked.

20The wrath of the Lord shall not return till he execute it, and till he accomplish the thought of his heart: in the latter days you shall understand his counsel.

21I did not send prophets, yet they ran: I have not spoken to them, yet they prophesied.

22If they had stood in my counsel, and had made my words known to my people, I should have turned them from their evil way, and from their wicked doings.

23Am I, think ye, a God at hand, saith the Lord, and not a God afar off?

24Shall a man be hid in secret places, and I not see him, saith the Lord? do not I fill heaven and earth, saith the Lord?

25I have heard what the prophets said, that prophesy lies in my name, and say: I have dreamed, I have dreamed.

26How long shall this be in the heart of the prophets that prophesy lies, and that prophesy the delusions of their own heart?

27Who seek to make my people forget my name through their dreams, which they tell every man to his neighbour: as their fathers forgot my name for Baal.

28The prophet that hath a dream, let him tell a dream: and he that hath my word, let him speak my word with truth: what hath the chaff to do with the wheat, saith the Lord?

29Are not my words as a fire, saith the Lord: and as a hammer that breaketh the rock in pieces?

30Therefore behold I am against the prophets, saith the Lord: who steal my words every one from his neighbour.

31Behold I am against the prophets, saith the Lord: who use their tongues, and say: The Lord saith it.

32Behold I am against the prophets that have lying dreams, saith the Lord: and tell them, and cause my people to err by their lying, and by their wonders: when I sent them not, nor commanded them, who have not profited this people at all, saith the Lord.

33If therefore this people, or the prophet, or the priest shall ask thee, saying: What is the burden of the Lord? thou shalt say to them: You are the burden: for I will cast you away, saith the Lord.

34And as for the prophet, and the priest, and the people that shall say: The burden of the Lord: I will visit upon that man, and upon his house.

35Thus shall you say every one to his neighbour, and to his brother, What hath the Lord answered? and what hath the Lord spoken?

36And the burden of the Lord shall be mentioned no more, for every man's word shall be his burden: for you have perverted the words of the living God, of the Lord of hosts our God.

37Thus shalt thou say to the prophet: What hath the Lord answered thee? and what hath the Lord spoken?

38But if you shall say: The burden of the Lord: therefore thus saith the Lord: Because you have said this word: The burden of the Lord: and I have sent to you, saying: Say not, The burden of the Lord:

39Therefore behold I will take you away carrying you, and will forsake you, and the city which I gave to you, and to your fathers, out of my presence.

40And I will bring an everlasting reproach upon you, and a perpetual shame which shall never be forgotten.

Important Verses in Jeremiah 23

Woe to the pastors, that destroy and tear the sheep of my pasture, saith the Lord.

Jeremiah 23:1

In those days shall Juda be saved, and Israel shall dwell confidently: and this is the name that they shall call him: The Lord our just one.

Jeremiah 23:6

To the prophets: My heart is broken within me, all my bones tremble: I am become as a drunken man, and as a man full of wine, at the presence of the Lord, and at the presence of his holy words.

Jeremiah 23:9

Thus saith the Lord of hosts: Hearken not to the words of the prophets that prophesy to you, and deceive you: they speak a vision of their own heart, and not out of the mouth of the Lord.

Jeremiah 23:16

Historical Context

Jeremiah addresses judah on the brink of destruction, called to repentance within the broader story of God's covenant people. Chapter 23 of 52 stands in the central portion of the book, where decisive events or teachings take shape. It is a prophetic oracle addressed to Israel in a moment of covenant crisis or renewal with 40 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. Historical attention falls on David, the principal figures named in this chapter. It opens with the line: "Woe to the pastors, that destroy and tear the sheep of my pasture, saith the Lord." It concludes: "And I will bring an everlasting reproach upon you, and a perpetual shame which shall never be forgotten. " The wider setting of Jeremiah is this: Jeremiah prophesied through Judah's final decades, warning of Babylon's coming judgment while priests and false prophets promised peace. Scholarly and ecclesial tradition places the composition of Jeremiah around Jeremiah's ministry about 627-580 BC.

Who Wrote It

The prophet Jeremiah, with his scribe Baruch

When It Was Written

Jeremiah's ministry about 627-580 BC

Catholic Commentary

The prophetic discourse in this chapter speaks to a community facing the consequences of its choices before God. A pivotal line is verse 1: "Woe to the pastors, that destroy and tear the sheep of my pasture, saith the Lord." The passage repeatedly touches on sin and divine judgment.

According to Catholic interpretation, this chapter contributes to the book's portrait of judgment, the new covenant, and hope. Jeremiah's new covenant prophecy is fulfilled in Christ (CIC 1965). The Catechism and the liturgy frequently draw on such passages to nourish faith and moral life (CIC 721).

The moral and spiritual import remains timely: Sin has real consequences, but God's judgment always aims at conversion and restoration.. St. Jerome insisted that ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ; this chapter offers material for meditation, examination of conscience, and deeper love of God.

Main Teachings

  • Sin has real consequences, but God's judgment always aims at conversion and restoration.
  • God defends the poor and the oppressed, and calls His people to act with justice.
  • True wisdom begins with the fear of the Lord and is a gift of the Holy Spirit.

People in This Chapter

David1 mention

Reflection for Today

The central section of Jeremiah—Chapter 23 of 52—opens a particular moment in the story of judgment, the new covenant, and hope.

According to Catholic teaching, Jeremiah's new covenant prophecy is fulfilled in Christ (CIC 1965). This chapter especially highlights sacrificial love modeled on Christ, a theme the Catechism develops in relation to the whole of revelation (CIC 1265).

Let Jeremiah Chapter 23 deepen your love for the Eucharist, where the Word made flesh continues to feed His people. The same Christ who speaks in Scripture offers Himself sacramentally on the altar.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Jeremiah Chapter 23 about?

Jeremiah 23 contains 40 verses. It opens with "Woe to the pastors, that destroy and tear the sheep of my pasture, saith the Lord." and closes with "And I will bring an everlasting reproach upon you, and a perpetual shame which shall never be forgotten. ". The book as a whole is prophetic oracles, biography, and laments.

What is a key verse in Jeremiah 23?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "Woe to the pastors, that destroy and tear the sheep of my pasture, saith the Lord." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in Jeremiah Chapter 23?

This chapter mentions David.

Who wrote Jeremiah and when?

The prophet Jeremiah, with his scribe Baruch. Jeremiah's ministry about 627-580 BC.

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