Ezra – Chapter 5

Old Testament17 Verses

Chapter Summary

"Now Aggeus the prophet, and Zacharias the son of Addo, prophesied to the Jews that were in Judea and Jerusalem, in the name of the God of…" — so begins Ezra 5. The chapter centers on Cyrus, Darius and Nebuchadnezzar. Across its 17 verses, two threads run through the text: God's kingdom and kingship and family and covenant relationships. Taken as a whole, the chapter forms one movement in the account, preparing what follows and completing what came before.

1Now Aggeus the prophet, and Zacharias the son of Addo, prophesied to the Jews that were in Judea and Jerusalem, in the name of the God of Israel.

2Then rose up Zorobabel the son of Salathiel, and Josue the son of Josedec, and began to build the temple of God in Jerusalem, and with them were the prophets of God helping them.

3And at the same time came to them Thathanai, who was governor beyond the river, and Stharbuzanai, and their counsellors: and said thus to them: Who hath given you counsel to build this house, and to repair the walls thereof?

4In answer to which we gave them the names of the men who were the promoters of that building.

5But the eye of their God was upon the ancients of the Jews, and they could not hinder them. And it was agreed that the matter should be referred to Darius, and then they should give satisfaction concerning that accusation.

6The copy of the letter that Thathanai governor of the country beyond the river, and Stharbuzanai, and his counsellors the Arphasachites, who dwelt beyond the river, sent to Darius the king.

7The letter which they sent him, was written thus: To Darius the king all peace.

8Be it known to the king, that we went to the province of Judea, to the house of the great God, which they are building with unpolished stones, and timber is laid in the walls: and this work is carried on diligently and advanceth in their hands.

9And we asked those ancients, and said to them thus: Who hath given you authority to build this house, and to repair these walls?

10We asked also of them their names, that we might give thee notice: and we have written the names of the men that are the chief among them.

11And they answered us in these words, saying: We are the servants of the God of heaven and earth, and we are building a temple that was built these many years ago, and which a great king of Israel built and set up.

12But after that our fathers had provoked the God of heaven to wrath, he delivered them into the hands of Nabuchodonosor the king of Babylon the Chaldean: and he destroyed this house, and carried away the people to Babylon.

13But in the first year of Cyrus the king of Babylon, king Cyrus set forth a decree, that this house of God should be built.

14And the vessels also of gold and silver of the temple of God, which Nabuchodonosor had taken out of the temple, that was in Jerusalem, and had brought them to the temple of Babylon, king Cyrus brought out of the temple of Babylon, and they were delivered to one Sassabasar, whom also he appointed governor,

15And said to him: Take these vessels, and go, and put them in the temple that is in Jerusalem, and let the house of God be built in its place.

16Then came this same Sassabasar, and laid the foundations of the temple of God in Jerusalem, and from that time until now it is in building, and is not yet finished.

17Now therefore if it seem good to the king, let him search in the king's library, which is in Babylon, whether it hath been decreed by Cyrus the king, that the house of God in Jerusalem should be built, and let the king send his pleasure to us concerning this matter.

Important Verses in Ezra 5

Now Aggeus the prophet, and Zacharias the son of Addo, prophesied to the Jews that were in Judea and Jerusalem, in the name of the God of Israel.

Ezra 5:1

The letter which they sent him, was written thus: To Darius the king all peace.

Ezra 5:7

And they answered us in these words, saying: We are the servants of the God of heaven and earth, and we are building a temple that was built these many years ago, and which a great king of Israel built and set up.

Ezra 5:11

And said to him: Take these vessels, and go, and put them in the temple that is in Jerusalem, and let the house of God be built in its place.

Ezra 5:15

Historical Context

Ezra belongs to the Old Testament and was composed for the post-exilic community, called to holiness and fidelity to the Law. Chapter 5 of 10 stands in the central portion of the book, where decisive events or teachings take shape. It is a narrative passage recounting concrete events in salvation history with 17 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. The chapter focuses on Cyrus, Darius, Nebuchadnezzar and Zechariah, whose actions and words drive the passage forward. It opens with the line: "Now Aggeus the prophet, and Zacharias the son of Addo, prophesied to the Jews that were in Judea and Jerusalem, in the…" The chapter ends with: "Now therefore if it seem good to the king, let him search in the king's library, which is in Babylon, whether it hath…" In terms of historical background, Ezra recounts two returns from Babylonian exile: the first under Zerubbabel (538 BC), which rebuilt the Temple despite opposition, and the second under Ezra himself (458 BC), who restored the community's fidelity to the… The book's material reflects the era summarized as follows: About 440-400 BC.

Who Wrote It

Traditionally Ezra the priest and scribe

When It Was Written

About 440-400 BC

Catholic Commentary

The literal sense of Ezra 5 presents a concrete episode in the history of return from exile and Temple restoration. A pivotal line is verse 1: "Now Aggeus the prophet, and Zacharias the son of Addo, prophesied to the Jews that were in Judea and Jerusalem, in the name of the God of Israel." The passage repeatedly touches on God's kingdom and kingship.

The Church teaches that every passage of Scripture must be read in light of Christ and the Magisterium (CIC 1814). Here, the restoration prefigures the Church's renewal (CIC 710). The spiritual sense invites believers to recognize God's kingdom and kingship as part of God's pedagogy of salvation.

The moral and spiritual import remains timely: God's kingdom is not of this world; every earthly throne stands under His eternal reign.. St. Jerome insisted that ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ; this chapter offers material for meditation, examination of conscience, and deeper love of God.

Main Teachings

  • God's kingdom is not of this world; every earthly throne stands under His eternal reign.
  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.
  • The Lord is a refuge and deliverer for all who call upon Him in trouble.

People in This Chapter

Cyrus4 mentionsDarius3 mentionsNebuchadnezzar2 mentionsZechariah1 mentionZerubbabel1 mentionJoshua1 mention

Reflection for Today

When the Church proclaims Ezra Chapter 5 at Mass or in the Liturgy of the Hours, she treats this text as the living voice of God.

In the four senses of Scripture—literal, allegorical, moral, and anagogical—the Church finds rich meaning in Ezra Chapter 5. At the moral level, the unity of Scripture and the Magisterium challenges us to examine conscience and amend our lives (CIC 2215).

If this passage raises questions, seek the Church's teaching through the Catechism, a faithful priest, or sound Catholic commentaries. Private interpretation must remain in harmony with the Magisterium (CIC 2578).

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Ezra Chapter 5 about?

Ezra 5 contains 17 verses. It opens with "Now Aggeus the prophet, and Zacharias the son of Addo, prophesied to the Jews that were in Judea and Jerusalem, in the…" and closes with "Now therefore if it seem good to the king, let him search in the king's library, which is in Babylon, whether it hath…". The book as a whole is historical narrative with official documents.

What is a key verse in Ezra 5?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "Now Aggeus the prophet, and Zacharias the son of Addo, prophesied to the Jews that were in Judea and Jerusalem, in the name of the God of Israel." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in Ezra Chapter 5?

This chapter mentions Cyrus, Darius, Nebuchadnezzar, Zechariah, Zerubbabel, among others.

Who wrote Ezra and when?

Traditionally Ezra the priest and scribe. About 440-400 BC.

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