Exodus – Chapter 4

Old Testament31 Verses

Chapter Summary

Chapter 4 of Exodus begins: "Moses answered, and said: They will not believe me, nor hear my voice, but they will say: The Lord hath not appeared to thee." The chapter centers on Moses, Aaron and Jethro. Across its 31 verses, two threads run through the text: family and covenant relationships and faith and trust in God. Taken as a whole, the chapter forms one movement in the account, preparing what follows and completing what came before.

1Moses answered, and said: They will not believe me, nor hear my voice, but they will say: The Lord hath not appeared to thee.

2Then he said to him: What is that thou holdest in thy hand? He answered: A rod.

3And the Lord said: Cast it down upon the ground. He cast it down, and it was turned into a serpent, so that Moses fled from it.

4And the Lord said: Put out thy hand, and take it by the tail. He put forth his hand, and took hold of it, and it was turned into a rod.

5That they may believe, saith he, that the Lord God of their fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath appeared to thee.

6And the Lord said again: Put thy hand into thy bosom. And when he had put it into his bosom, he brought it forth leprous as snow.

7And he said: Put back thy hand into thy bosom. He put it back, and brought it out again, and it was like the other flesh.

8If they will not believe thee, saith he, nor hear the voice of the former sign, they will believe the word of the latter sign.

9But if they will not even believe these two signs, nor hear thy voice: take of the river water, and pour it out upon the dry land, and whatsoever thou drawest out of the river, shall be turned into blood.

10Moses said: I beseech thee, Lord, I am not eloquent from yesterday and the day before; and since thou hast spoken to thy servant, I have more impediment and slowness of tongue.

11The Lord said to him: Who made man's mouth? or who made the dumb and the deaf, the seeing and the blind? did not I?

12Go therefore, and I will be in thy mouth; and I will teach thee what thou shalt speak.

13But he said: I beseech thee, Lord, send whom thou wilt send.

14The Lord being angry at Moses, said: Aaron the Levite is thy brother, I know that he is eloquent: behold he cometh forth to meet thee, and seeing thee, shall be glad at heart.

15Speak to him, and put my words in his mouth: and I will be in thy mouth, and in his month, and will shew you what you must do.

16He shall speak in thy stead to the people, and shall be thy mouth: but thou shalt be to him in those things that pertain to God.

17And take this rod in thy hand. wherewith thou shalt do the signs.

18Moses went his way, and returned to Jethro his father in law, and said to him; I will go and return to my brethren into Egypt, that I may see if they be yet alive. And Jethro said to him: Go in peace.

19And the Lord said to Moses, in Madian: Go, and return into Egypt; for they are all dead that sought thy life.

20Moses therefore took his wife, and his sons, and set them upon an ass; and returned into Egypt, carrying the rod of God in his hand.

21And the Lord said to him as he was returning into Egypt: See that thou do all the wonders before Pharao, which I have put in thy hand: I shall harden his heart, and he will not let the people go.

22And thou shalt say to him: Thus saith the Lord: Israel is my son, my firstborn.

23I have said to thee: Let my son go, that he may serve me, and thou wouldst not let him go: behold I will kill thy son, thy firstborn.

24And when he was in his journey, in the inn, the Lord met him, and would have killed him.

25Immediately Sephora took a very sharp stone, and circumcised the foreskin of her son, and touched his feet, and said: A bloody spouse art thou to me.

26And he let him go after she had said: A bloody spouse art thou to me, because of the circumcision.

27And the Lord said to Aaron: Go into the desert to meet Moses. And he went forth to meet him in the mountain of God, and kissed him.

28And Moses told Aaron all the words of the Lord, by which he had sent him, and the signs that he had commanded.

29And they came together, and they assembled all the ancients of the children of Israel.

30And Aaron spoke all the words which the Lord had said to Moses: and he wrought the signs before the people.

31And the people believed. And they heard that the Lord had visited the children of Israel, and that he had looked upon their affliction: and falling down they adored.

Important Verses in Exodus 4

Moses answered, and said: They will not believe me, nor hear my voice, but they will say: The Lord hath not appeared to thee.

Exodus 4:1

That they may believe, saith he, that the Lord God of their fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath appeared to thee.

Exodus 4:5

Moses said: I beseech thee, Lord, I am not eloquent from yesterday and the day before; and since thou hast spoken to thy servant, I have more impediment and slowness of tongue.

Exodus 4:10

And thou shalt say to him: Thus saith the Lord: Israel is my son, my firstborn.

Exodus 4:22

Historical Context

As a Old Testament book, Exodus was written with israel in every generation, commanded to remember the Passover as a perpetual memorial in view. Chapter 4 of 40 belongs to the early movement of the book, where the narrative or argument is still unfolding. It is a prophetic oracle addressed to Israel in a moment of covenant crisis or renewal with 31 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. Historical attention falls on Moses, Aaron, Jethro and Abraham, the principal figures named in this chapter. The chapter begins: "Moses answered, and said: They will not believe me, nor hear my voice, but they will say: The Lord hath not appeared to…" The final verse reads: "And the people believed. And they heard that the Lord had visited the children of Israel, and that he had looked upon…" The wider setting of Exodus is this: Exodus recounts the defining event of the Old Testament: God's liberation of Israel from slavery in Egypt under Pharaoh, most likely Ramesses II. Scholarly and ecclesial tradition places the composition of Exodus around Describes events of the 13th century BC; reached final written form between the 10th and 5th centuries BC.

Who Wrote It

Traditionally attributed to Moses, with later inspired editing

When It Was Written

Describes events of the 13th century BC; reached final written form between the 10th and 5th centuries BC

Catholic Commentary

At the literal level, this oracle names the sins, judgments, or promises relevant to its original hearers. A pivotal line is verse 1: "Moses answered, and said: They will not believe me, nor hear my voice, but they will say: The Lord hath not appeared to thee." The passage repeatedly touches on family and covenant relationships.

According to Catholic interpretation, this chapter contributes to the book's portrait of liberation, law, and worship. the Church sees the Exodus as prefiguring Baptism and the Eucharist (CIC 1221, 1363). The Catechism and the liturgy frequently draw on such passages to nourish faith and moral life (CIC 756).

The moral and spiritual import remains timely: The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.. St. Jerome insisted that ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ; this chapter offers material for meditation, examination of conscience, and deeper love of God.

Main Teachings

  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.
  • Faith is a gift and a decision: entrusting ourselves entirely to God and to His promises.
  • Suffering, united to Christ, becomes a path of purification and deeper trust in God.

People in This Chapter

Moses10 mentionsAaron4 mentionsJethro2 mentionsAbraham1 mentionPharaoh1 mentionIsaac1 mention

Reflection for Today

Sacred Scripture presents Exodus Chapter 4 as a unique stage in salvation history, not merely as background to other books.

St. Irenaeus and other Fathers of the Church meditated on texts like this one, seeing in them instruction for the spiritual life. the Church sees the Exodus as prefiguring Baptism and the Eucharist (CIC 1221, 1363). The passage calls believers to grasp that God delivers His people from slavery.

Consider praying with this chapter again at day's end, offering God gratitude for one insight received. The Church encourages daily contact with Scripture (CIC 265) so that Christ's mind may be formed in us.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Exodus Chapter 4 about?

Exodus 4 contains 31 verses. It opens with "Moses answered, and said: They will not believe me, nor hear my voice, but they will say: The Lord hath not appeared to…" and closes with "And the people believed. And they heard that the Lord had visited the children of Israel, and that he had looked upon…". The book as a whole is narrative, law, and liturgical instruction.

What is a key verse in Exodus 4?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "Moses answered, and said: They will not believe me, nor hear my voice, but they will say: The Lord hath not appeared to thee." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in Exodus Chapter 4?

This chapter mentions Moses, Aaron, Jethro, Abraham, Pharaoh, among others.

Who wrote Exodus and when?

Traditionally attributed to Moses, with later inspired editing. Describes events of the 13th century BC; reached final written form between the 10th and 5th centuries BC.

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