Exodus – Chapter 5

Old Testament23 Verses

Chapter Summary

Exodus 5 opens with the words: "After these things, Moses and Aaron went in, and said to Pharao: Thus saith the Lord God of Israel: Let my people go, that they may…" The chapter centers on Pharaoh, Moses and Aaron. Across its 23 verses, two threads run through the text: worship and praise and sin and divine judgment. Taken as a whole, the chapter forms one movement in the account, preparing what follows and completing what came before.

1After these things, Moses and Aaron went in, and said to Pharao: Thus saith the Lord God of Israel: Let my people go, that they may sacrifice to me in the desert.

2But he answered: Who is the Lord, that I should hear his voice, and let Israel go? I know not the Lord, neither will I let Israel go.

3And they said: The God of the Hebrews hath called us, to go three days' journey into the wilderness, and to sacrifice to the Lord our God; lest a pestilence or the sword fall upon us.

4The king of Egypt said to them: Why do you Moses and Aaron draw off the people from their works? Get you gone to your burdens.

5And Pharao said: The people of the land are numerous; you see that the multitude is increased; how much more if you give them rest from their works?

6Therefore he commanded the same day the overseers of the works, and the task-masters of the people, saying:

7You shall give straw no more to the people to make brick, as before; but let them go and gather straw.

8And you shall lay upon them the task of bricks, which they did before; neither shall you diminish any thing thereof, for they are idle, and therefore they cry. saying: Let us go and sacrifice to our God.

9Let them be oppressed with works, and let them fulfil them; that they may not regard lying words.

10And the overseers of the works, and the taskmasters, went out and said to the people: Thus saith Pharao: I allow you no straw;

11Go, and gather it where you can find it; neither shall any thing of your work be diminished.

12And the people was scattered through all the land of Egypt to gather straw.

13And the overseers of the works pressed them, saying: Fulfil your work every day, as before ye were wont to do, when straw was given you.

14And they that were over the works of the children of Israel, were scourged by Pharao's taskmasters, saying: Why have you not made up the task of bricks, both yesterday and to day, as before?

15And the officers of the children of Israel came, and cried out to Pharao, saying: Why dealest thou so with thy servants?

16Straw is not given us, and bricks are required of us as before; behold we, thy servants, are beaten with whips, and thy people is unjustly dealt withal.

17And he said: You are idle, and therefore you say: Let us go and sacrifice to the Lord.

18Go therefore and work: straw shall not be given you, and you shall deliver the accustomed number of bricks.

19And the officers of the children of Israel saw that they were in evil case, because it was said to them: There shall not a whit be diminished of the bricks for every day.

20And they met Moses and Aaron, who stood over against them as they came out from Pharao:

21And they said to them: The Lord see and judge, because you have, made our savour to stink before Pharao and his servants, and you have given him a sword, to kill us.

22And Moses returned to the Lord, and said: Lord, why hast thou afflicted this people? wherefore hast thou sent me?

23For since the time that I went in to Pharao to speak in thy name, he hath afflicted thy people: and thou hast not delivered them.

Important Verses in Exodus 5

After these things, Moses and Aaron went in, and said to Pharao: Thus saith the Lord God of Israel: Let my people go, that they may sacrifice to me in the desert.

Exodus 5:1

And you shall lay upon them the task of bricks, which they did before; neither shall you diminish any thing thereof, for they are idle, and therefore they cry. saying: Let us go and sacrifice to our God.

Exodus 5:8

And he said: You are idle, and therefore you say: Let us go and sacrifice to the Lord.

Exodus 5:17

And they said to them: The Lord see and judge, because you have, made our savour to stink before Pharao and his servants, and you have given him a sword, to kill us.

Exodus 5:21

Historical Context

As a Old Testament book, Exodus was written with israel in every generation, commanded to remember the Passover as a perpetual memorial in view. Chapter 5 of 40 belongs to the early movement of the book, where the narrative or argument is still unfolding. It is a prophetic oracle addressed to Israel in a moment of covenant crisis or renewal with 23 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. Historical attention falls on Pharaoh, Moses and Aaron, the principal figures named in this chapter. It opens with the line: "After these things, Moses and Aaron went in, and said to Pharao: Thus saith the Lord God of Israel: Let my people go,…" It concludes: "For since the time that I went in to Pharao to speak in thy name, he hath afflicted thy people: and thou hast not…" Read against its original backdrop, Exodus recounts the defining event of the Old Testament: God's liberation of Israel from slavery in Egypt under Pharaoh, most likely Ramesses II. Scholarly and ecclesial tradition places the composition of Exodus around Describes events of the 13th century BC; reached final written form between the 10th and 5th centuries BC.

Who Wrote It

Traditionally attributed to Moses, with later inspired editing

When It Was Written

Describes events of the 13th century BC; reached final written form between the 10th and 5th centuries BC

Catholic Commentary

The prophetic discourse in this chapter speaks to a community facing the consequences of its choices before God. A pivotal line is verse 1: "After these things, Moses and Aaron went in, and said to Pharao: Thus saith the Lord God of Israel: Let my people go, that they may sacrifice to me in the…" The passage repeatedly touches on worship and praise.

Catholic exegesis reads Exodus 5 within the unity of Scripture and Tradition. the Church sees the Exodus as prefiguring Baptism and the Eucharist (CIC 1221, 1363). St. Augustine and other Fathers of the Church saw in texts like this a preparation for or reflection of Christ, the center of revelation (CIC 302).

The moral and spiritual import remains timely: Worship is the heart of the covenant: giving God the praise and adoration that are His due.. St. Jerome insisted that ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ; this chapter offers material for meditation, examination of conscience, and deeper love of God.

Main Teachings

  • Worship is the heart of the covenant: giving God the praise and adoration that are His due.
  • Sin has real consequences, but God's judgment always aims at conversion and restoration.
  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.

People in This Chapter

Pharaoh8 mentionsMoses4 mentionsAaron3 mentions

Reflection for Today

As Catholics read Exodus Chapter 5, we do so within the living Tradition that has guarded this text for two millennia.

The saints did not treat Scripture as antiquarian literature. St. Teresa of Avila, St. Francis de Sales, and countless others used passages such as this to fuel daily conversion. the sanctity of marriage and family remains a practical lesson for modern disciples.

If this passage raises questions, seek the Church's teaching through the Catechism, a faithful priest, or sound Catholic commentaries. Private interpretation must remain in harmony with the Magisterium (CIC 2683).

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Exodus Chapter 5 about?

Exodus 5 contains 23 verses. It opens with "After these things, Moses and Aaron went in, and said to Pharao: Thus saith the Lord God of Israel: Let my people go,…" and closes with "For since the time that I went in to Pharao to speak in thy name, he hath afflicted thy people: and thou hast not…". The book as a whole is narrative, law, and liturgical instruction.

What is a key verse in Exodus 5?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "After these things, Moses and Aaron went in, and said to Pharao: Thus saith the Lord God of Israel: Let my people go, that they may sacrifice to me in the desert." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in Exodus Chapter 5?

This chapter mentions Pharaoh, Moses, Aaron.

Who wrote Exodus and when?

Traditionally attributed to Moses, with later inspired editing. Describes events of the 13th century BC; reached final written form between the 10th and 5th centuries BC.

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