2 Samuel – Chapter 3

Old Testament39 Verses

Chapter Summary

"Now there was a long war between the house of Saul and the house of David: David prospering and growing always stronger and stronger, but…" — so begins 2 Samuel 3. The chapter centers on David, Abner and Saul. Across its 39 verses, two threads run through the text: family and covenant relationships and God's kingdom and kingship. Read slowly, this chapter rewards the kind of prayerful attention the Church calls lectio divina.

1Now there was a long war between the house of Saul and the house of David: David prospering and growing always stronger and stronger, but the house of Saul decaying daily.

2And sons were born to David in Hebron: and his firstborn was Ammon of Achinoam the Jezrahelitess:

3And his second Cheleab of Abigail the wife of Nabal of Carmel: and the third Absalom the son of Maacha the daughter of Tholmai king of Gessur:

4And the fourth Adonias, the son of Haggith: and the fifth Saphathia the son of Abital:

5And the sixth Jethraam of Egla the wife of David: these were born to David In Hebron.

6Now while there was war between the house of Saul and the house of David, Abner the son of Ner ruled the house of Saul.

7And Saul had a concubine named Respha, the daughter of Aia. And Isboseth said to Abner:

8Why didst thou go in to my father's concubine? And he was exceedingly angry for the words of Isboseth, and said: Am I a dog's head against Juda this day, who have shewn mercy to the house of Saul thy father, and to his brethren and friends, and have not delivered thee into the hands of David, and hast thou sought this day against me to charge me with a matter concerning a woman?

9So do God to Abner, and more also, unless as the Lord hath sworn to David, so I do to him,

10That the kingdom be translated from the house of Saul, and the throne of David be set up over Israel, and over Juda from Dan to Bersabee.

11And he could not answer him a word, because he feared him.

12Abner therefore sent messengers to David for himself, saying: Whose is the land? and that they should say: Make a league with me, and my hand shall be with thee: and I will bring all Israel to thee.

13And he said: Very well: I will make a league with thee: but one thing I require of thee, saying: Thou shalt not see my face before thou bring Michol the daughter of Saul: and so thou shalt come, and see me.

14And David sent messengers to Isboseth the son of Saul, saying: Restore my wife Michol, whom I espoused to me for a hundred foreskins of the Philistines.

15And Isboseth sent, and took her from her husband Phaltiel, the son of Lais.

16And her husband followed her, weeping as far as Bahurim: and Abner said to him: Go and return. And he returned.

17Abner also spoke to the ancients of Israel, saying: Both yesterday and the day before you sought for David that he might reign over you.

18Now then do it: because the Lord hath spoken to David, saying: By the hand of my servant David I will save my people Israel from the hands of the Philistines, and of all their enemies.

19And Abner spoke also to Benjamin. And he went to speak to David in Hebron all that seemed good to Israel, and to all Benjamin.

20And he came to David in Hebron with twenty men: and David made a feast for Abner, and his men that came with him.

21And Abner said to David: I will rise, that I may gather all Israel unto thee my lord the king, and may enter into a league with thee, and that thou mayst reign over all as thy soul desireth. Now when David had brought Abner on his way, and he was gone in peace,

22Immediately, David's servants and Joab came, after having slain the robbers, with an exceeding great booty. And Abner was not with David in Hebron, for he had now sent him away, and he was gone in peace.

23And Joab and all the army that was with him, came afterwards: and it was told Joab, that Abner the son of Ner came to the king, and he hath sent him away, and he is gone in peace.

24And Joab went in to the king, and said: What hast thou done? Behold Abner came to thee: Why didst thou send him away, and he is gone and departed?

25Knowest thou not Abner the son of Ner, that to this end he came to thee, that he might deceive thee, and to know thy going out, and thy coming in, and to know all thou dost?

26Then Joab going out from David, sent messengers after Abner, and brought him back from the cistern of Sira, David knowing nothing of it.

27And when Abner was returned to Hebron, Joab took him aside to the middle of the gate, to speak to him treacherously: and he stabbed him there in the groin, and he died, in revenge of the blood of Asael his brother.

28And when David heard of it, after the thing was now done, he said: I, and my kingdom are innocent before the Lord for ever of the blood of Abner the son of Ner:

29And may it come upon the head of Joab, and upon all his father's house: and let there not fail from the house of Joab one that hath an issue of seed, or that is a leper, or that holdeth the distaff, or that falleth by the sword, or that wanteth bread.

30So Joab and Abisai his brother slew Abner, because he had killed their brother Asael at Gabaon in the battle.

31And David said to Joab, and to all the people that were with him: Rend your garments, and gird yourselves with sackcloths, and mourn before the funeral of Abner. And king David himself followed the bier.

32And when they had buried Abner in Hebron, king David lifted up his voice, and wept at the grave of Abner: and all the people also wept.

33And the king mourning and lamenting over Abner, said: Not as cowards are wont to die, hath Abner died.

34Thy hands were not bound, nor thy feet laden with fetters: but as men fall before the children of iniquity, so didst thou fall. And all the people repeating it wept over him.

35And when all the people came to take meat with David, while it was yet broad day, David swore, saying: So do God to me, and more also, if I taste bread or any thing else before sunset.

36And all the people heard, and they were pleased, and all that the king did seemed good in the sight of all the people.

37And all the people, and all Israel understood that day that it was not the king's doing, that Abner the son of Ner was slain.

38The king also said to his servants: Do you not know that a prince and a great man is slain this day in Israel?

39But I as yet am tender, though anointed king. And these men the sons of Sarvia are too hard for me: the Lord reward him that doth evil according to his wickedness.

Important Verses in 2 Samuel 3

Now there was a long war between the house of Saul and the house of David: David prospering and growing always stronger and stronger, but the house of Saul decaying daily.

2 Samuel 3:1

So do God to Abner, and more also, unless as the Lord hath sworn to David, so I do to him,

2 Samuel 3:9

And when David heard of it, after the thing was now done, he said: I, and my kingdom are innocent before the Lord for ever of the blood of Abner the son of Ner:

2 Samuel 3:28

But I as yet am tender, though anointed king. And these men the sons of Sarvia are too hard for me: the Lord reward him that doth evil according to his wickedness.

2 Samuel 3:39

Historical Context

As a Old Testament book, 2 Samuel was written with israel, taught that even great kings stand under God's law and mercy in view. Chapter 3 of 24 belongs to the early movement of the book, where the narrative or argument is still unfolding. It is a genealogical record linking earlier promises to later generations with 39 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. The chapter focuses on David, Abner, Saul and Abigail, whose actions and words drive the passage forward. It opens with the line: "Now there was a long war between the house of Saul and the house of David: David prospering and growing always stronger…" It concludes: "But I as yet am tender, though anointed king. And these men the sons of Sarvia are too hard for me: the Lord reward him…" The wider setting of 2 Samuel is this: Second Samuel chronicles David's forty-year reign: the capture of Jerusalem, the bringing of the Ark, God's covenant promise of an everlasting dynasty (2 Sam 7), and David's grave sins and repentance. Scholarly and ecclesial tradition places the composition of 2 Samuel around Events of about 1010-970 BC; compiled during the monarchy or exile.

Who Wrote It

Court traditions compiled by inspired editors, drawing on records of Nathan and Gad

When It Was Written

Events of about 1010-970 BC; compiled during the monarchy or exile

Catholic Commentary

At the literal level, the genealogy establishes continuity between generations and validates the claims of later narratives. A pivotal line is verse 1: "Now there was a long war between the house of Saul and the house of David: David prospering and growing always stronger and stronger, but the house of Saul…" The passage repeatedly touches on family and covenant relationships.

Catholic exegesis reads 2 Samuel 3 within the unity of Scripture and Tradition. the promise to David finds fulfillment in Christ, Son of David (CIC 437-439). St. Gregory the Great and other Fathers of the Church saw in texts like this a preparation for or reflection of Christ, the center of revelation (CIC 355).

The moral and spiritual import remains timely: The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.. St. Jerome insisted that ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ; this chapter offers material for meditation, examination of conscience, and deeper love of God.

Main Teachings

  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.
  • God's kingdom is not of this world; every earthly throne stands under His eternal reign.
  • The Lord is a refuge and deliverer for all who call upon Him in trouble.

People in This Chapter

David29 mentionsAbner24 mentionsSaul9 mentionsAbigail1 mentionAbsalom1 mention

Reflection for Today

2 Samuel Chapter 3, containing 39 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation, offers a distinct passage for prayer and meditation.

The Magisterium teaches that every biblical passage must be read in light of Christ, the center of Scripture (CIC 355). Here the emphasis falls on hope in the resurrection, which shapes how the Church understands David's reign and the Davidic covenant.

Entrust your meditation to Mary, who pondered God's Word in her heart. Through her intercession, may the message of hope in the resurrection bear fruit in humility, courage, and charity this day.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 2 Samuel Chapter 3 about?

2 Samuel 3 contains 39 verses. It opens with "Now there was a long war between the house of Saul and the house of David: David prospering and growing always stronger…" and closes with "But I as yet am tender, though anointed king. And these men the sons of Sarvia are too hard for me: the Lord reward him…". The book as a whole is historical narrative.

What is a key verse in 2 Samuel 3?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "Now there was a long war between the house of Saul and the house of David: David prospering and growing always stronger and stronger, but the house of Saul decaying daily." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in 2 Samuel Chapter 3?

This chapter mentions David, Abner, Saul, Abigail, Absalom.

Who wrote 2 Samuel and when?

Court traditions compiled by inspired editors, drawing on records of Nathan and Gad. Events of about 1010-970 BC; compiled during the monarchy or exile.

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