1 Samuel – Chapter 6

Old Testament21 Verses

Chapter Summary

Chapter 6 of 1 Samuel begins: "Now the ark of God was in the land of the Philistines seven months." The chapter centers on Joshua, Pharaoh and Abel. Across its 21 verses, two threads run through the text: sin and divine judgment and healing. The Church invites us to read this chapter within the whole sweep of salvation history, where every page points toward Christ.

1Now the ark of God was in the land of the Philistines seven months.

2And the Philistines called for the priests and the diviners, saying: What shall we do with the ark of the Lord? tell us how we are to send it back to its place. And they said:

3If you send back the ark of the God of Israel, send it not away empty, but render unto him what you owe for sin, and then you shall be healed: and you shall know why his hand departeth not from you.

4They answered: What is it we ought to render unto him for sin? and they answered:

5According to the number of the provinces of the Philistines you shall make five golden emerods, and five golden mice: for the same plague hath been upon you all, and upon your lords. And you shall make the likeness of your emerods, and the likeness of the mice, that have destroyed the land, and you shall give glory to the God of Israel: to see if he will take off his hand from you, and from your gods, and from your land.

6Why do you harden your hearts, as Egypt and Pharao hardened their hearts? did not he, after he was struck, then let them go, and they departed?

7Now, therefore, take and make a new cart: and two kine that have calved, on which there hath come no yoke, tie to the cart, and shut up their calves at home.

8And you shall take the ark of the Lord, and lay it on the cart, and the vessels of gold, which you have paid him for sin, you shall put into a little box at the side thereof: and send it away, that it may go.

9And you shall look: and if it go up by the way of his own coasts, towards Bethsames, then he hath done us this great evil: but if not, we shall know that it is not his hand hath touched us, but it hath happened by chance.

10They did therefore in this manner: and taking two kine, that had sucking calves, they yoked them to the cart, and shut up their calves at home.

11And they laid the ark of God upon the cart, and the little box that had in it the golden mice, and the likeness of the emerods.

12And the kine took the straight way, that leadeth to Bethsames, and they went along the way, lowing as they went: and turned not aside neither to the right hand nor to the left: and the lords of the Philistines followed them as far as the borders of Bethsames.

13Now the Bethsamites were reaping wheat in the valley: and lifting up their eyes, they saw the ark, and rejoiced to see it.

14And the cart came into the field of Josue, a Bethsamite, and stood there. And there was a great stone, and they cut in pieces the wood of the cart, and laid the kine upon it a holocaust to the Lord.

15And the Levites took down the ark of God, and the little box that was at the side of it, wherein were the vessels of gold, and they put them upon the great stone. The men also of Bethsames offered holocausts, and sacrificed victims that day to the Lord.

16And the five princes of the Philistines saw, and they returned to Accaron the same day.

17And these are the golden emerods, which the Philistines returned for sin to the Lord: For Azotus one, for Gaza one, for Ascalon one, for Geth one, for Accaron one:

18And the golden mice, according to the number of the cities of the Philistines, of the five provinces, from the fenced city to the village that was without wall, and to the great Abel (the stone) whereon they set down the ark of the Lord, which was till that day in the field of Josue the Bethsamite.

19But he slew of the men of Bethsames, because they had seen the ark of the Lord, and he slew of the people seventy men, and fifty thousand of the common people. And the people lamented, because the Lord had smitten the people with a great slaughter.

20And the men of Bethsames said: Who shall be able to stand before the Lord this holy God? and to whom shall he go up from us?

21And they sent messengers to the inhabitants of Cariathiarim, saying: The Philistines have brought back the ark of the Lord, come ye down and fetch it up to you.

Important Verses in 1 Samuel 6

Now the ark of God was in the land of the Philistines seven months.

1 Samuel 6:1

According to the number of the provinces of the Philistines you shall make five golden emerods, and five golden mice: for the same plague hath been upon you all, and upon your lords. And you shall make the likeness of your emerods, and the likeness of the mice, that have destroyed the land, and you shall give glory to the God of Israel: to see if he will take off his hand from you, and from your gods, and from your land.

1 Samuel 6:5

And you shall take the ark of the Lord, and lay it on the cart, and the vessels of gold, which you have paid him for sin, you shall put into a little box at the side thereof: and send it away, that it may go.

1 Samuel 6:8

And the men of Bethsames said: Who shall be able to stand before the Lord this holy God? and to whom shall he go up from us?

1 Samuel 6:20

Historical Context

1 Samuel belongs to the Old Testament and was composed for israel reflecting on the origins and meaning of kingship under God. Chapter 6 of 31 belongs to the early movement of the book, where the narrative or argument is still unfolding. It is a narrative passage recounting concrete events in salvation history with 21 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. Historical attention falls on Joshua, Pharaoh and Abel, the principal figures named in this chapter. The passage starts with these words: "Now the ark of God was in the land of the Philistines seven months." It concludes: "And they sent messengers to the inhabitants of Cariathiarim, saying: The Philistines have brought back the ark of the…" In terms of historical background, First Samuel narrates Israel's transition from the age of the judges to the monarchy: the birth and call of Samuel, the demand for a king, the tragic reign of Saul, and the rise of David. Catholic tradition dates the book to the period described in its introduction: Events of the 11th century BC; compiled during the monarchy or exile.

Who Wrote It

Traditions associated with Samuel, Nathan, and Gad, compiled by later inspired editors

When It Was Written

Events of the 11th century BC; compiled during the monarchy or exile

Catholic Commentary

Read at the narrative level, this chapter describes real persons, decisions, and consequences within the transition from judges to monarchy. A pivotal line is verse 1: "Now the ark of God was in the land of the Philistines seven months." The passage repeatedly touches on sin and divine judgment.

Catholic exegesis reads 1 Samuel 6 within the unity of Scripture and Tradition. the anointing of kings prefigures Christ, the Anointed One (CIC 436). St. Leo the Great and other Fathers of the Church saw in texts like this a preparation for or reflection of Christ, the center of revelation (CIC 461).

The moral and spiritual import remains timely: Sin has real consequences, but God's judgment always aims at conversion and restoration.. St. Jerome insisted that ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ; this chapter offers material for meditation, examination of conscience, and deeper love of God.

Main Teachings

  • Sin has real consequences, but God's judgment always aims at conversion and restoration.
  • Christ is the Divine Physician who heals both body and soul.
  • Worship is the heart of the covenant: giving God the praise and adoration that are His due.

People in This Chapter

Joshua2 mentionsPharaoh1 mentionAbel1 mention

Reflection for Today

1 Samuel Chapter 6, containing 21 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation, offers a distinct passage for prayer and meditation.

The Magisterium teaches that every biblical passage must be read in light of Christ, the center of Scripture (CIC 2340). Here the emphasis falls on hope in the resurrection, which shapes how the Church understands the transition from judges to monarchy.

Entrust your meditation to Mary, who pondered God's Word in her heart. Through her intercession, may the message of hope in the resurrection bear fruit in humility, courage, and charity this day.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 1 Samuel Chapter 6 about?

1 Samuel 6 contains 21 verses. It opens with "Now the ark of God was in the land of the Philistines seven months." and closes with "And they sent messengers to the inhabitants of Cariathiarim, saying: The Philistines have brought back the ark of the…". The book as a whole is historical narrative.

What is a key verse in 1 Samuel 6?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "Now the ark of God was in the land of the Philistines seven months." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in 1 Samuel Chapter 6?

This chapter mentions Joshua, Pharaoh, Abel.

Who wrote 1 Samuel and when?

Traditions associated with Samuel, Nathan, and Gad, compiled by later inspired editors. Events of the 11th century BC; compiled during the monarchy or exile.

Deepen your understanding with these related articles