Ruth – Chapter 1

Old Testament22 Verses

Chapter Summary

"In the days of the judges, when the judges ruled, there came a famine in the land. And a certain man of Bethlehem Juda, went to sojourn in…" — so begins Ruth 1. The chapter centers on Naomi and Ruth. Across its 22 verses, two threads run through the text: family and covenant relationships and suffering and trial. Read slowly, this chapter rewards the kind of prayerful attention the Church calls lectio divina.

1In the days of the judges, when the judges ruled, there came a famine in the land. And a certain man of Bethlehem Juda, went to sojourn in the land of Moab with his wife and his two sons.

2He was named Elimelech, and his wife Noemi: and his two sons, the one Mahalon, and the other Chelion, Ephrathites of Bethlehem Juda. And entering into the country of Moab, they abode there.

3And Elimelech the husband of Noemi died: and she remained with her sons.

4And they took wives of the women of Moab, of which one was called Orpha, and the other Ruth. And they dwelt their ten years,

5And they both died, to wit, Mahalon and Chelion: and the woman was left alone, having lost both her sons and her husband.

6And she arose to go from the land of Moab to her own country, with both her daughters in law: for she had heard that the Lord had looked upon his people, and had given them food.

7Wherefore she went forth out of the place of her sojournment, with both her daughters in law: and being now in the way to return into the land of Juda,

8She said to them: Go ye home to your mothers, the Lord deal mercifully with you, as you have dealt with the dead and with me.

9May he grant you to find rest in the houses of the husbands whom you shall take. And she kissed them. And they lifted up their voice, and began to weep,

10And to say: We will go on with thee to thy people.

11But she answered them: Return, my daughters: why come ye with me? have I any more sons in my womb, that you may hope for husbands of me?

12Return again, my daughters, and go your ways: for I am now spent with age, and not fit for wedlock. Although I might conceive this night, and bear children,

13If you would wait till they were grown up, and come to man's estate, you would be old women before you marry. Do not so, my daughters, I beseech you: for I am grieved the more for your distress, and the hand of the Lord is gone out against me.

14And they lifted up their voice, and began to weep again: Orpha kissed her mother in law, and returned: Ruth stuck close to her mother in law.

15And Noemi said to her: Behold thy kinswoman is returned to her people, and to her gods, go thou with her.

16She answered: Be not against me, to desire that I should leave thee and depart: for whithersoever thou shalt go, I will go: and where thou shalt dwell, I also will dwell. Thy people shall be my people, and thy God my God.

17The land that shall receive thee dying, in the same will I die: and there will I be buried. The Lord do so and so to me, and add more also, if aught but death part me and thee.

18Then Noemi seeing that Ruth was steadfastly determined to go with her, would not be against it, nor persuade her any more to return to her friends:

19So they went together, and came to Bethlehem. And when they were come into the city, the report was quickly spread among all: and the women said: This is that Noemi.

20But she said to them: Call me not Noemi (that is, beautiful,) but call me Mara (that is, bitter), for the Almighty hath quite filled me with bitterness.

21I went out full and the Lord hath brought me back empty. Why then do you call me Noemi, whom the Lord hath humbled, and the Almighty hath afflicted?

22So Noemi came with Ruth, the Moabitess, her daughter in law, from the land of her sojournment: and returned into Bethlehem, in the beginning of the barley harvest.

Important Verses in Ruth 1

In the days of the judges, when the judges ruled, there came a famine in the land. And a certain man of Bethlehem Juda, went to sojourn in the land of Moab with his wife and his two sons.

Ruth 1:1

And she arose to go from the land of Moab to her own country, with both her daughters in law: for she had heard that the Lord had looked upon his people, and had given them food.

Ruth 1:6

Return again, my daughters, and go your ways: for I am now spent with age, and not fit for wedlock. Although I might conceive this night, and bear children,

Ruth 1:12

And Noemi said to her: Behold thy kinswoman is returned to her people, and to her gods, go thou with her.

Ruth 1:15

Historical Context

As a Old Testament book, Ruth was written with israel, reminded that God's mercy embraces the foreigner who seeks Him in view. Chapter 1 of 4 opens the book and sets the stage for everything that follows. It is a narrative passage recounting concrete events in salvation history with 22 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. The chapter focuses on Naomi and Ruth, whose actions and words drive the passage forward. It opens with the line: "In the days of the judges, when the judges ruled, there came a famine in the land. And a certain man of Bethlehem Juda,…" The chapter ends with: "So Noemi came with Ruth, the Moabitess, her daughter in law, from the land of her sojournment: and returned into…" The wider setting of Ruth is this: Ruth is a Moabite widow whose loyalty to her Israelite mother-in-law Naomi brings her into the people of God and into the ancestry of King David—and therefore of Jesus Christ. Scholarly and ecclesial tradition places the composition of Ruth around Set in the period of the judges (12th-11th century BC); written during or after the monarchy.

Who Wrote It

Unknown; traditionally linked to the time of Samuel

When It Was Written

Set in the period of the judges (12th-11th century BC); written during or after the monarchy

Catholic Commentary

Read at the narrative level, this chapter describes real persons, decisions, and consequences within loyalty, redemption, and inclusion in God's people. A pivotal line is verse 1: "In the days of the judges, when the judges ruled, there came a famine in the land. And a certain man of Bethlehem Juda, went to sojourn in the land of Moab…" The passage repeatedly touches on family and covenant relationships.

The Church teaches that every passage of Scripture must be read in light of Christ and the Magisterium (CIC 1431). Here, Ruth, a Gentile, becomes an ancestor of Christ, showing God's universal plan (CIC 64). The spiritual sense invites believers to recognize family and covenant relationships as part of God's pedagogy of salvation.

Applied to the life of faith, the passage supports the Church's conviction that God's love extends to all peoples. Whether read privately or heard in the liturgy, Ruth 1 calls for a response of faith, repentance, and charity.

Main Teachings

  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.
  • Suffering, united to Christ, becomes a path of purification and deeper trust in God.
  • Sin has real consequences, but God's judgment always aims at conversion and restoration.

People in This Chapter

Naomi8 mentionsRuth4 mentions

Reflection for Today

Ruth Chapter 1 belongs to the Old Testament and forms part of the Catholic canon proclaimed in the liturgy of the Word.

Through typology, the Church often reads Old Testament passages as preparing for Christ, while New Testament passages reveal Him explicitly. Ruth, a Gentile, becomes an ancestor of Christ, showing God's universal plan (CIC 64). Here the believer is invited to ponder worship as the heart of the Christian life.

Consider praying with this chapter again at day's end, offering God gratitude for one insight received. The Church encourages daily contact with Scripture (CIC 2578) so that Christ's mind may be formed in us.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Ruth Chapter 1 about?

Ruth 1 contains 22 verses. It opens with "In the days of the judges, when the judges ruled, there came a famine in the land. And a certain man of Bethlehem Juda,…" and closes with "So Noemi came with Ruth, the Moabitess, her daughter in law, from the land of her sojournment: and returned into…". The book as a whole is historical short story.

What is a key verse in Ruth 1?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "In the days of the judges, when the judges ruled, there came a famine in the land. And a certain man of Bethlehem Juda, went to sojourn in the land of Moab with his wife and his…" It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in Ruth Chapter 1?

This chapter mentions Naomi, Ruth.

Who wrote Ruth and when?

Unknown; traditionally linked to the time of Samuel. Set in the period of the judges (12th-11th century BC); written during or after the monarchy.

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