Jeremiah – Chapter 39

Old Testament18 Verses

Chapter Summary

Chapter 39 of Jeremiah begins: "In the ninth year of Sedecias king of Juda, in the tenth month, came Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon, and all his army to Jerusalem, and…" The chapter centers on Nebuchadnezzar and Jeremiah. Across its 18 verses, two threads run through the text: God's kingdom and kingship and God's protection and deliverance. Read slowly, this chapter rewards the kind of prayerful attention the Church calls lectio divina.

1In the ninth year of Sedecias king of Juda, in the tenth month, came Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon, and all his army to Jerusalem, and they besieged it.

2And in the eleventh year of Sedecias, in the fourth month, the fifth day of the month, the city was opened.

3And all the princes of the king of Babylon came in, and sat in the middle gate: Neregel, Sereser, Semegarnabu, Sarsachim, Rabsares, Neregel, Serezer, Rebmag, and all the rest of the princes of the king of Babylon.

4And when Sedecias the king of Juda and all the men of war saw them, they fled: and they went forth in the night out of the city by the way of the king's garden, and by the gate that was between the two walls, and they went out to the way of the desert.

5But the army of the Chaldeans pursued after them: and they took Sedecias in the plain of the desert of Jericho, and when they had taken him, they brought him to Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon to Reblatha, which is in the land of Emath: and he gave judgment upon him.

6And the king of Babylon slew the sons of Sedecias, in Reblatha, before his eyes: and the king of Babylon slew all the nobles of Juda.

7He also put out the eyes of Sedecias: and bound him with fetters, to be carried to Babylon.

8And the Chaldeans burnt the king's house, and the houses of the people with fire, and they threw down the wall of Jerusalem.

9And Nabuzardan the general of the army carried away captive to Babylon the remnant of the people that remained in the city, and the fugitives that had gone over to him, and the rest of the people that remained.

10But Nabuzardan the general left some of the poor people that had nothing at all, in the land of Juda, and he gave them vineyards, and cisterns at that time.

11Now Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon had given charge to Nabuzardan the general concerning Jeremiah, saying:

12Take him, and set thy eyes upon him, and do him no harm: but as he hath a mind, so do with him.

13Therefore Nabuzardan the general sent, and Nabuzardan, and Rabsares, and Neregel, and Sereser, and Rebmag, and all the nobles of the king of Babylon,

14Sent and took Jeremiah out of the court of the prison, and committed him to Godolias the son of Ahicam the son of Saphan, that he might go home, and dwell among the people.

15But the word of the Lord came to Jeremiah, when he was yet shut up in the court of the prison, saying: Go, and tell Abdemelech the Ethiopian, saying:

16Thus saith the Lord of hosts the God of Israel: Behold I will bring my words upon this city unto evil, and not unto good: and they shall be accomplished in thy sight in that day.

17And I will deliver thee in that day, saith the Lord: and thou shalt not be given into the hands of the men whom thou fearest:

18But delivering, I will deliver thee, and thou shalt not fall by the sword: but thy life shall be saved for thee, because thou hast put thy trust in me, saith the Lord.

Important Verses in Jeremiah 39

In the ninth year of Sedecias king of Juda, in the tenth month, came Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon, and all his army to Jerusalem, and they besieged it.

Jeremiah 39:1

And the king of Babylon slew the sons of Sedecias, in Reblatha, before his eyes: and the king of Babylon slew all the nobles of Juda.

Jeremiah 39:6

Sent and took Jeremiah out of the court of the prison, and committed him to Godolias the son of Ahicam the son of Saphan, that he might go home, and dwell among the people.

Jeremiah 39:14

But delivering, I will deliver thee, and thou shalt not fall by the sword: but thy life shall be saved for thee, because thou hast put thy trust in me, saith the Lord.

Jeremiah 39:18

Historical Context

Jeremiah belongs to the Old Testament and was composed for judah on the brink of destruction, called to repentance. Chapter 39 of 52 moves toward the climax of the book as earlier promises and conflicts converge. It is a prophetic oracle addressed to Israel in a moment of covenant crisis or renewal with 18 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. Nebuchadnezzar and Jeremiah appear at the center of the events recorded here. It opens with the line: "In the ninth year of Sedecias king of Juda, in the tenth month, came Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon, and all his army…" The chapter ends with: "But delivering, I will deliver thee, and thou shalt not fall by the sword: but thy life shall be saved for thee,…" In terms of historical background, Jeremiah prophesied through Judah's final decades, warning of Babylon's coming judgment while priests and false prophets promised peace. Catholic tradition dates the book to the period described in its introduction: Jeremiah's ministry about 627-580 BC.

Who Wrote It

The prophet Jeremiah, with his scribe Baruch

When It Was Written

Jeremiah's ministry about 627-580 BC

Catholic Commentary

The prophet addresses Israel with a message rooted in covenant fidelity and the hope of restoration. A pivotal line is verse 1: "In the ninth year of Sedecias king of Juda, in the tenth month, came Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon, and all his army to Jerusalem, and they besieged it." The passage repeatedly touches on God's kingdom and kingship.

According to Catholic interpretation, this chapter contributes to the book's portrait of judgment, the new covenant, and hope. Jeremiah's new covenant prophecy is fulfilled in Christ (CIC 1965). The Catechism and the liturgy frequently draw on such passages to nourish faith and moral life (CIC 74).

Applied to the life of faith, the passage supports the Church's conviction that God writes His law on our hearts. Whether read privately or heard in the liturgy, Jeremiah 39 calls for a response of faith, repentance, and charity.

Main Teachings

  • God's kingdom is not of this world; every earthly throne stands under His eternal reign.
  • The Lord is a refuge and deliverer for all who call upon Him in trouble.
  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.

People in This Chapter

Nebuchadnezzar3 mentionsJeremiah3 mentions

Reflection for Today

Jeremiah Chapter 39, containing 18 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation, offers a distinct passage for prayer and meditation.

The Magisterium teaches that every biblical passage must be read in light of Christ, the center of Scripture (CIC 1965). Here the emphasis falls on courage in witness to the Gospel, which shapes how the Church understands judgment, the new covenant, and hope.

Entrust your meditation to Mary, who pondered God's Word in her heart. Through her intercession, may the message of courage in witness to the Gospel bear fruit in humility, courage, and charity this day.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Jeremiah Chapter 39 about?

Jeremiah 39 contains 18 verses. It opens with "In the ninth year of Sedecias king of Juda, in the tenth month, came Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon, and all his army…" and closes with "But delivering, I will deliver thee, and thou shalt not fall by the sword: but thy life shall be saved for thee,…". The book as a whole is prophetic oracles, biography, and laments.

What is a key verse in Jeremiah 39?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "In the ninth year of Sedecias king of Juda, in the tenth month, came Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon, and all his army to Jerusalem, and they besieged it." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in Jeremiah Chapter 39?

This chapter mentions Nebuchadnezzar, Jeremiah.

Who wrote Jeremiah and when?

The prophet Jeremiah, with his scribe Baruch. Jeremiah's ministry about 627-580 BC.

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