Genesis – Chapter 49

Old Testament32 Verses

Chapter Summary

Chapter 49 of Genesis begins: "And Jacob called his sons, and said to them: Gather yourselves together, that I may tell you the things that shall befall you in the last…" The chapter centers on Jacob, Joseph and Abraham. Across its 32 verses, two threads run through the text: family and covenant relationships and God feeding His people. The Church invites us to read this chapter within the whole sweep of salvation history, where every page points toward Christ.

1And Jacob called his sons, and said to them: Gather yourselves together, that I may tell you the things that shall befall you in the last days.

2Gather yourselves together, and hear, O ye sons of Jacob, hearken to Israel, your father:

3Ruben, my firstborn, thou art my strength, and the beginning of my sorrow; excelling in gifts, greater in command.

4Thou art poured out as water, grow thou not; because thou wentest up to thy father's bed, and didst defile his couch.

5Simeon and Levi brethren: vessels of iniquity waging war.

6Let not my soul go into their counsel, nor my glory be in their assembly: because in their fury they slew a man, and in their self-will they undermined a wall.

7Cursed be their fury, because it was stubborn: and their wrath, because it was cruel: I will divide them in Jacob, and will scatter them in Israel.

8Juda, thee shall thy brethren praise: thy hand shall be on the necks of thy enemies; the sons of thy father shall bow down to thee.

9Juda is a lion's whelp: to the prey, my son, thou art gone up: resting thou hast couched as a lion, and as a lioness, who shall rouse him?

10The sceptre shall not be taken away from Juda, nor a ruler from his thigh, till he come that is to be sent, and he shall be the expectation of nations.

11Tying his foal to the vineyard, and his ass, O my son, to the vine. He shall wash his robe in wine, and his garment in the blood of the grape.

12His eyes are more beautiful than wine, and his teeth whiter than milk.

13Zabulon shall dwell on the seashore, and in the road of ships, reaching as far as Sidon.

14Issachar shall be a strong ass, lying down between the borders.

15He saw rest that it was good: and the land that it was excellent: and he bowed his shoulder to carry, and became a servant under tribute.

16Dan shall judge his people like another tribe in Israel.

17Let Dan be a snake in the way, a serpent in the path, that biteth the horse's heels, that his rider may fall backward.

18I will look for thy salvation, O Lord.

19Gad, being girded, shall fight before him: and he himself shall be girded backward.

20Aser, his bread shall be fat, and he shall yield dainties to kings.

21Nephthali, a hart let loose, and giving words of beauty.

22Joseph is a growing son, a growing son and comely to behold: the daughters run to and fro upon the wall;

23But they that held darts, provoked him, and quarrelled with him, and envied him.

24His bow rested upon the strong, and the bands of his arms and his hands were loosed, by the hands of the mighty one of Jacob: thence he came forth a pastor, the stone of Israel.

25The God of thy father shall be thy helper, and the Almighty shall bless thee with the blessings of heaven above, with the blessings of the deep that lieth beneath, with the blessings of the breasts and of the womb.

26The blessings of thy father are strengthened with the blessings of his fathers: until the desire of the everlasting hills should come: may they be upon the head of Joseph, and upon the crown of the Nazarite among his brethren.

27Benjamin a ravenous wolf, in the morning shall eat the prey, and in the evening shall divide the spoil.

28All these are the twelve tribes of Israel: these things their father spoke to them, and he blessed every one with their proper blessings.

29And he charged them, saying: I am now going to be gathered to my people: bury me with my fathers in the double cave, which is in the field of Ephron the Hethite,

30Over against Mambre, in the land of Chanaan, which Abraham bought together with the field, of Ephron the Hethite, for a possession to bury in.

31There they buried him, and Sara his wife: there was Isaac buried with Rebecca, his wife: there also Lia doth lie buried.

32And when he had ended the commandments, wherewith he instructed his sons, he drew up his feet upon the bed, and died: and he was gathered to his people.

Important Verses in Genesis 49

And Jacob called his sons, and said to them: Gather yourselves together, that I may tell you the things that shall befall you in the last days.

Genesis 49:1

Let not my soul go into their counsel, nor my glory be in their assembly: because in their fury they slew a man, and in their self-will they undermined a wall.

Genesis 49:6

I will look for thy salvation, O Lord.

Genesis 49:18

The God of thy father shall be thy helper, and the Almighty shall bless thee with the blessings of heaven above, with the blessings of the deep that lieth beneath, with the blessings of the breasts and of the womb.

Genesis 49:25

Historical Context

Genesis addresses the people of Israel, to root their identity in God's creation and the covenant with the patriarchs within the broader story of God's covenant people. Chapter 49 of 50 moves toward the climax of the book as earlier promises and conflicts converge. It is a narrative passage recounting concrete events in salvation history with 32 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. Jacob, Joseph, Abraham and Rebekah appear at the center of the events recorded here. The chapter begins: "And Jacob called his sons, and said to them: Gather yourselves together, that I may tell you the things that shall…" It concludes: "And when he had ended the commandments, wherewith he instructed his sons, he drew up his feet upon the bed, and died:…" The wider setting of Genesis is this: Genesis was composed to give Israel its foundational identity: one God created all things good, sin entered through human choice, and God responded with a plan of salvation beginning with Abraham. The book's material reflects the era summarized as follows: Traditions reaching back to the 2nd millennium BC, compiled in final form between the 10th and 5th centuries BC.

Who Wrote It

Traditionally attributed to Moses; Catholic scholarship recognizes the work of inspired editors drawing on ancient oral and written traditions

When It Was Written

Traditions reaching back to the 2nd millennium BC, compiled in final form between the 10th and 5th centuries BC

Catholic Commentary

The literal sense of Genesis 49 presents a concrete episode in the history of creation, covenant, and the patriarchs. A pivotal line is verse 1: "And Jacob called his sons, and said to them: Gather yourselves together, that I may tell you the things that shall befall you in the last days." The passage repeatedly touches on family and covenant relationships.

Catholic exegesis reads Genesis 49 within the unity of Scripture and Tradition. the Catechism teaches that Genesis reveals God's plan of salvation from the beginning (CIC 54-64). St. Thomas Aquinas and other Fathers of the Church saw in texts like this a preparation for or reflection of Christ, the center of revelation (CIC 461).

Applied to the life of faith, the passage supports the Church's conviction that God's faithful covenant love. Whether read privately or heard in the liturgy, Genesis 49 calls for a response of faith, repentance, and charity.

Main Teachings

  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.
  • From the manna to the Last Supper, God feeds His people — fully in the Eucharist.
  • God's presence casts out fear; His command 'Be not afraid' echoes throughout salvation history.

People in This Chapter

Jacob4 mentionsJoseph2 mentionsAbraham1 mentionRebekah1 mentionSimeon1 mention

Reflection for Today

Genesis Chapter 49 contains Jacob's prophetic blessings over his twelve sons, which shape the destiny of the tribes of Israel. The Catechism teaches that these blessings reveal God's plan unfolding through history (CIC 60). The blessing of Judah—"The scepter shall not depart from Judah... until he comes to whom it belongs"—is understood as a messianic prophecy fulfilled in Christ.

The varied blessings, some more like curses, reflect the character and deeds of each son. Simeon and Levi are scattered for their violence at Shechem; Reuben loses his preeminence for his sin with Bilhah. Catholic moral theology sees in these consequences the principle that our choices shape our destiny and that of our descendants (CIC 1472).

Joseph receives the most elaborate blessing, reflecting his special place in Jacob's heart and his role in saving the family. The imagery of fruitfulness and strength points to the prosperity of the Joseph tribes in the Promised Land. This chapter teaches us that parental blessing carries spiritual power, that our character shapes our legacy, and that God's purposes unfold through the generations according to His sovereign plan.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Genesis Chapter 49 about?

Genesis 49 contains 32 verses. It opens with "And Jacob called his sons, and said to them: Gather yourselves together, that I may tell you the things that shall…" and closes with "And when he had ended the commandments, wherewith he instructed his sons, he drew up his feet upon the bed, and died:…". The book as a whole is narrative with genealogies and covenant accounts.

What is a key verse in Genesis 49?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "And Jacob called his sons, and said to them: Gather yourselves together, that I may tell you the things that shall befall you in the last days." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in Genesis Chapter 49?

This chapter mentions Jacob, Joseph, Abraham, Rebekah, Simeon.

Who wrote Genesis and when?

Traditionally attributed to Moses; Catholic scholarship recognizes the work of inspired editors drawing on ancient oral and written traditions. Traditions reaching back to the 2nd millennium BC, compiled in final form between the 10th and 5th centuries BC.

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