Esther – Chapter 8

Old Testament17 Verses

Chapter Summary

Chapter 8 of Esther begins: "On that day king Assuerus gave the house of Aman, the Jews' enemy, to queen Esther, and Mardochai came in before the king. For Esther had…" The chapter centers on Mordecai, Esther and Haman. Across its 17 verses, two threads run through the text: God's kingdom and kingship and repentance and conversion. Taken as a whole, the chapter forms one movement in the account, preparing what follows and completing what came before.

1On that day king Assuerus gave the house of Aman, the Jews' enemy, to queen Esther, and Mardochai came in before the king. For Esther had confessed to him that he was her uncle.

2And the king took the ring which he had commanded to be taken again from Aman, and gave it to Mardochai. And Esther set Mardochai over her house.

3And not content with these things, she fell down at the king's feet and wept, and speaking to him besought him, that he would give orders that the malice of Aman the Agagite, and his most wicked devices which he had invented against the Jews, should be of no effect.

4But he, as the manner was, held out the golden sceptre with his hand, which was the sign of clemency: and she arose up and stood before him,

5And said: If it please the king, and if I have found favour in his sight, and my request be not disagreeable to him, I beseech thee, that the former letters of Aman the traitor and enemy of the Jews, by which he commanded that they should be destroyed in all the king's provinces, may be reversed by new letters.

6For how can I endure the murdering and slaughter of my people?

7And king Assuerus answered Esther the queen, and Mardochai the Jew: I have given Aman's house to Esther, and I have commanded him to be hanged on a gibbet, because he durst lay hands on the Jews.

8Write ye therefore to the Jews, as it pleaseth you in the king's name, and seal the letters with my ring. For this was the custom, that no man durst gainsay the letters which were sent in the king's name, and were sealed with his ring.

9Then the king's scribes and secretaries were called for (now it was the time of the third month which is called Siban) the three and twentieth day of the month, and letters were written, as Mardochai had a mind, to the Jews, and to the governors, and to the deputies, and to the judges, who were rulers over the hundred and twenty-seven provinces, from India even to Ethiopia: to province and province, to people and people, according to their languages and characters, and to the Jews, according as they could read and hear.

10And these letters which were sent in the king's name, were sealed with his ring, and sent by posts: who were to run through all the provinces, to prevent the former letters with new messages.

11And the king gave orders to them, to speak to the Jews in every city, and to command them to gather themselves together, and to stand for their lives, and to kill and destroy all their enemies with their wives and children and all their houses, and to take their spoil.

12And one day of revenge was appointed through all the provinces, to wit, the thirteenth of the twelfth month Adar.

13And this was the content of the letter, that it should be notified in all lands and peoples that were subject to the empire of king Assuerus, that the Jews were ready to be revenged of their enemies.

14So the swift posts went out carrying the messages, and the king's edict was hung up in Susan.

15And Mardochai going forth out of the palace, and from the king's presence, shone in royal apparel, to wit, of violet and sky colour, wearing a golden crown on his head, and clothed with a cloak of silk and purple. And all the city rejoiced, and was glad.

16But to the Jews, a new light seemed to rise, joy, honour, and dancing.

17And in all peoples, cities, and provinces, whithersoever the king's commandments came, there was wonderful rejoicing, feasts and banquets, and keeping holy day: Insomuch that many of other nations and religion, joined themselves to their worship and ceremonies. For a great dread of the name of the Jews had fallen upon all.

Important Verses in Esther 8

On that day king Assuerus gave the house of Aman, the Jews' enemy, to queen Esther, and Mardochai came in before the king. For Esther had confessed to him that he was her uncle.

Esther 8:1

But he, as the manner was, held out the golden sceptre with his hand, which was the sign of clemency: and she arose up and stood before him,

Esther 8:4

And king Assuerus answered Esther the queen, and Mardochai the Jew: I have given Aman's house to Esther, and I have commanded him to be hanged on a gibbet, because he durst lay hands on the Jews.

Esther 8:7

But to the Jews, a new light seemed to rise, joy, honour, and dancing.

Esther 8:16

Historical Context

Esther addresses jews of the Diaspora, celebrating deliverance commemorated at Purim within the broader story of God's covenant people. Chapter 8 of 16 stands in the central portion of the book, where decisive events or teachings take shape. It is a narrative passage recounting concrete events in salvation history with 17 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. Mordecai, Esther and Haman appear at the center of the events recorded here. The passage starts with these words: "On that day king Assuerus gave the house of Aman, the Jews' enemy, to queen Esther, and Mardochai came in before the…" It concludes: "And in all peoples, cities, and provinces, whithersoever the king's commandments came, there was wonderful rejoicing,…" Read against its original backdrop, Set in the Persian court of King Ahasuerus (Xerxes I, 486-465 BC), Esther tells how a Jewish queen risked her life to save her people from the genocide plotted by Haman. Scholarly and ecclesial tradition places the composition of Esther around Probably 4th-2nd century BC.

Who Wrote It

Unknown; the Greek additions are part of the Catholic canon

When It Was Written

Probably 4th-2nd century BC

Catholic Commentary

The literal sense of Esther 8 presents a concrete episode in the history of providence and deliverance of God's people. A pivotal line is verse 1: "On that day king Assuerus gave the house of Aman, the Jews' enemy, to queen Esther, and Mardochai came in before the king. For Esther had confessed to him that…" The passage repeatedly touches on God's kingdom and kingship.

Catholic exegesis reads Esther 8 within the unity of Scripture and Tradition. God's hidden providence works through human courage (CIC 303). St. Jerome and other Fathers of the Church saw in texts like this a preparation for or reflection of Christ, the center of revelation (CIC 385).

For Christians today, the chapter's lesson is clear: God's kingdom is not of this world; every earthly throne stands under His eternal reign.. The Church invites us to receive this word not as antiquarian information but as living Scripture proclaimed at Mass and prayed in lectio divina.

Main Teachings

  • God's kingdom is not of this world; every earthly throne stands under His eternal reign.
  • True conversion means turning away from sin and returning to God with our whole heart.
  • Worship is the heart of the covenant: giving God the praise and adoration that are His due.

People in This Chapter

Mordecai6 mentionsEsther5 mentionsHaman5 mentions

Reflection for Today

Esther Chapter 8, containing 17 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation, offers a distinct passage for prayer and meditation.

The Magisterium teaches that every biblical passage must be read in light of Christ, the center of Scripture (CIC 74). Here the emphasis falls on the Eucharist as source and summit, which shapes how the Church understands providence and deliverance of God's people.

Entrust your meditation to Mary, who pondered God's Word in her heart. Through her intercession, may the message of the Eucharist as source and summit bear fruit in humility, courage, and charity this day.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Esther Chapter 8 about?

Esther 8 contains 17 verses. It opens with "On that day king Assuerus gave the house of Aman, the Jews' enemy, to queen Esther, and Mardochai came in before the…" and closes with "And in all peoples, cities, and provinces, whithersoever the king's commandments came, there was wonderful rejoicing,…". The book as a whole is historical narrative (with deuterocanonical additions).

What is a key verse in Esther 8?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "On that day king Assuerus gave the house of Aman, the Jews' enemy, to queen Esther, and Mardochai came in before the king. For Esther had confessed to him that he was her uncle." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in Esther Chapter 8?

This chapter mentions Mordecai, Esther, Haman.

Who wrote Esther and when?

Unknown; the Greek additions are part of the Catholic canon. Probably 4th-2nd century BC.

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