2 Maccabees – Chapter 10

Old Testament38 Verses

Chapter Summary

2 Maccabees 10 opens with the words: "But Machabeus, and they that were with him, by the protection of the Lord, recovered the temple and the city again." The chapter centers on Simon and Joseph. Across its 38 verses, two threads run through the text: prayer and courage in the face of fear. Read slowly, this chapter rewards the kind of prayerful attention the Church calls lectio divina.

1But Machabeus, and they that were with him, by the protection of the Lord, recovered the temple and the city again.

2But he threw down the altars which the heathens had set up in the streets, as also the temples of the idols.

3And having purified the temple, they made another altar: and taking fire out of the fiery stones, they offered sacrifices after two years, and set forth incense, and lamps, and the loaves of proposition.

4And when they had done these things, they besought the Lord, lying prostrate on the ground, that they might no more fall into such evils; but if they should at any time sin, that they might be chastised by him more gently, and not be delivered up to barbarians and blasphemous men.

5Now upon the same day that the temple had been polluted by the strangers on the very same day it was cleansed again; to wit, on the five and twentieth day of the month of Casleu.

6And they kept eight days with joy, after the manner of the feast of the tabernacles, remembering that not long before they had kept the feast of the tabernacles when they were in the mountains, and in dens like wild beasts.

7Therefore they now carried boughs and green branches and palms, for him that had given them good success in cleansing his place.

8And they ordained by a common statute, and decree, that all the nation of the Jews should keep those days every year.

9And this was the end of Antiochus, that was called the Illustrious.

10But now we will repeat the acts of Eupator, the son of that wicked Antiochus, abridging the account of the evils that happened in the wars.

11For when he was come to the crown, he appointed over the affairs of his realm one Lysias, general of the army of Phenicia and Syria.

12For Ptolemee, that was called Macer, was determined to be strictly just to the Jews and especially by reason of the wrong that had been done them, and to deal peaceably with them.

13But being accused for this to Eupator by his friends, and being oftentimes called traitor, because he had left Cyprus, which Philometor had committed to him, and coming over to Antiochus the Illustrious, had revolted also from him, he put an end to his life by poison.

14But Gorgias, who was governor of the holds, taking with him the strangers, often fought against the Jews.

15And the Jews that occupied the most commodious holds, received those that were driven out of Jerusalem, and attempted to make war.

16Then they that were with Machabeus, beseeching the Lord by prayers to be their helper, made a strong attack upon the strong holds of the Idumeans:

17And assaulting them with great force, won the holds, killed them that came in the way, and slew altogether no fewer than twenty thousand.

18And whereas some were fled into very strong towers, having all manner of provision to sustain a siege,

19Machabeus left Simon and Joseph, and Zacheus, and them that were with them, in sufficient number to besiege them, and departed to those expeditions which urged more.

20Now they that were with Simon, being led with covetousness, were persuaded for the sake of money by some that were in the towers: and taking seventy thousand didrachmas, let some of them escape.

21But when it was told Machabeus what was done, he assembled the rulers of the people, and accused those men that they had sold their brethren for money, having let their adversaries escape.

22So he put these traitors to death, and forthwith took the two towers.

23And having good success in arms, and all things he took in hand, he slew more than twenty thousand in the two holds.

24But Timotheus, who before had been overcome by the Jews, having called together a multitude of foreign troops, and assembled horsemen out of Asia, came as though he would take Judea by force of arms.

25But Machabeus, and they that were with him, when he drew near, prayed to the Lord, sprinkling earth upon their heads, and girding their loins with haircloth,

26And lying prostrate at the foot of the altar, besought him to be merciful to them, and to be an enemy to their enemies, and an adversary to their adversaries, as the law saith.

27And so after prayer taking their arms, they went forth further from the city, and when they were come very near the enemies they rested.

28But as soon as the sun was risen both sides joined battle: the one part having, with their valour, the Lord for a surety of victory, and success: but the other side making their rage their leader in battle.

29But when they were in the heat of the engagement, there appeared to the enemies from heaven five men upon horses, comely, with golden bridles, conducting the Jews:

30Two of them took Machabeus between them, and covered him on every side with their arms, and kept him safe; but cast darts and fireballs against the enemy, so that they fell down, being both confounded with blindness, and filled with trouble.

31And there were slain twenty thousand five hundred, and six hundred horsemen.

32But Timotheus fled into Gazara, a strong hold where Chereas was governor.

33Then Machabeus, and they that were with him cheerfully laid siege to the fortress four days.

34But they that were within, trusting to the strength of the place, blasphemed exceedingly, and cast forth abominable words.

35But when the fifth day appeared, twenty young men of them that were with Machabeus, inflamed in their minds, because of the blasphemy, approached manfully to the wall, and pushing forward with fierce courage, got up upon it:

36Moreover, others also getting up after them, went to set fire to the towers and the gates, and to burn the blasphemers alive.

37And having for two days together pillaged and sacked the fortress, they killed Timotheus, who was found hid in a certain place: they slew also his brother Chereas, and Apollophanes.

38And when this was done, they blessed the Lord with hymns and thanksgiving, who had done great things in Israel, and given them the victory.

Important Verses in 2 Maccabees 10

But Machabeus, and they that were with him, by the protection of the Lord, recovered the temple and the city again.

2 Maccabees 10:1

Then they that were with Machabeus, beseeching the Lord by prayers to be their helper, made a strong attack upon the strong holds of the Idumeans:

2 Maccabees 10:16

But Machabeus, and they that were with him, when he drew near, prayed to the Lord, sprinkling earth upon their heads, and girding their loins with haircloth,

2 Maccabees 10:25

And when this was done, they blessed the Lord with hymns and thanksgiving, who had done great things in Israel, and given them the victory.

2 Maccabees 10:38

Historical Context

2 Maccabees addresses diaspora Jews, strengthened by the witness of the martyrs within the broader story of God's covenant people. Chapter 10 of 15 moves toward the climax of the book as earlier promises and conflicts converge. It is a narrative passage recounting concrete events in salvation history with 38 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. The chapter focuses on Simon and Joseph, whose actions and words drive the passage forward. It opens with the line: "But Machabeus, and they that were with him, by the protection of the Lord, recovered the temple and the city again." It concludes: "And when this was done, they blessed the Lord with hymns and thanksgiving, who had done great things in Israel, and…" In terms of historical background, Second Maccabees retells the persecution and revolt with theological depth, giving the Church key texts: the martyrdom of Eleazar and the seven brothers confessing resurrection, creation from nothing (7:28), and Judas'… The book's material reflects the era summarized as follows: About 124 BC, in Greek.

Who Wrote It

An abridgment of a five-volume work by Jason of Cyrene

When It Was Written

About 124 BC, in Greek

Catholic Commentary

The literal sense of 2 Maccabees 10 presents a concrete episode in the history of martyrdom, resurrection, and prayer for the dead. A pivotal line is verse 1: "But Machabeus, and they that were with him, by the protection of the Lord, recovered the temple and the city again." The passage repeatedly touches on prayer and petition to God.

The Church teaches that every passage of Scripture must be read in light of Christ and the Magisterium (CIC 2578). Here, this book supports the doctrine of purgatory and prayers for the dead (CIC 958, 1032). The spiritual sense invites believers to recognize prayer and petition to God as part of God's pedagogy of salvation.

Applied to the life of faith, the passage supports the Church's conviction that It is a holy and wholesome thought to pray for the dead. Whether read privately or heard in the liturgy, 2 Maccabees 10 calls for a response of faith, repentance, and charity.

Main Teachings

  • God invites His people to approach Him confidently in prayer, trusting that He hears and answers.
  • God's presence casts out fear; His command 'Be not afraid' echoes throughout salvation history.
  • The Lord is a refuge and deliverer for all who call upon Him in trouble.

People in This Chapter

Simon2 mentionsJoseph1 mention

Reflection for Today

2 Maccabees Chapter 10 belongs to the Old Testament and forms part of the Catholic canon proclaimed in the liturgy of the Word.

Through typology, the Church often reads Old Testament passages as preparing for Christ, while New Testament passages reveal Him explicitly. this book supports the doctrine of purgatory and prayers for the dead (CIC 958, 1032). Here the believer is invited to ponder perseverance through trial.

Consider praying with this chapter again at day's end, offering God gratitude for one insight received. The Church encourages daily contact with Scripture (CIC 133) so that Christ's mind may be formed in us.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 2 Maccabees Chapter 10 about?

2 Maccabees 10 contains 38 verses. It opens with "But Machabeus, and they that were with him, by the protection of the Lord, recovered the temple and the city again." and closes with "And when this was done, they blessed the Lord with hymns and thanksgiving, who had done great things in Israel, and…". The book as a whole is theological history (deuterocanonical).

What is a key verse in 2 Maccabees 10?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "But Machabeus, and they that were with him, by the protection of the Lord, recovered the temple and the city again." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in 2 Maccabees Chapter 10?

This chapter mentions Simon, Joseph.

Who wrote 2 Maccabees and when?

An abridgment of a five-volume work by Jason of Cyrene. About 124 BC, in Greek.

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