1 Samuel – Chapter 30

Old Testament31 Verses

Chapter Summary

"Now when David and his men were come to Siceleg on the third day, the Amalecites had made an invasion on the south side upon Siceleg, and…" — so begins 1 Samuel 30. The chapter centers on David, Abigail and Caleb. Across its 31 verses, two threads run through the text: family and covenant relationships and God feeding His people. The Church invites us to read this chapter within the whole sweep of salvation history, where every page points toward Christ.

1Now when David and his men were come to Siceleg on the third day, the Amalecites had made an invasion on the south side upon Siceleg, and had smitten Siceleg, and burnt it with fire,

2And had taken the women captives that were in it, both little and great: and they had not killed any person, but had carried them with them, and went on their way.

3So when David and his men came to the city, and found it burnt with fire, and that their wives, and their sons, and their daughters, were taken captives,

4David and the people that were with him, lifted up their voices, and wept till they had no more tears.

5For the two wives also of David were taken captives, Achinoam, the Jezrahelitess, and Abigail, the wife of Nabal of Carmel.

6And David was greatly afflicted: for the people had a mind to stone him, for the soul of every man was bitterly grieved for his sons and daughters: but David took courage in the Lord his God.

7And he said to Abiathar, the priest, the son of Achimelech: Bring me hither the ephod. And Abiathar brought the ephod to David.

8And David consulted the Lord, saying: Shall I pursue after these robbers, and shall I overtake them, or not? And the Lord said to him: Pursue after them: for thou shalt surely overtake them and recover the prey.

9So David went, he and the six hundred men that were with him, and they came to the torrent Besor: and some, being weary, stayed there.

10But David pursued, he and four hundred men: for two hundred stayed, who, being weary, could not go over the torrent Besor.

11And they found an Egyptian in the field, and brought him to David: and they gave him bread to eat, and water to drink,

12As also a piece of a cake of figs, and two bunches of raisins. And when he had eaten them, his spirit returned, and he was refreshed: for he had not eaten bread, nor drunk water, three days and three nights.

13And David said to him: To whom dost thou belong; or whence dost thou come? and whither art thou going? He said: I am a young man of Egypt, the servant of an Amalecite: and my master left me, because I began to be sick three days ago.

14For we made an invasion on the south side of Cerethi, and upon Juda, and upon the south of Caleb, and we burnt Siceleg with fire.

15And David said to him: Canst thou bring me to this company? and he said: Swear to me by God, that thou wilt not kill me, nor deliver me into the hands of my master, and I will bring thee to this company. And David swore to him.

16And when he had brought him, behold they were lying spread abroad upon all the ground, eating and drinking, and as it were keeping a festival day, for all the prey and the spoils which they had taken out of the land of the Philistines, and out of the land of Juda.

17And David slew them from the evening unto the evening of the next day, and there escaped not a man of them, but four hundred young men, who had gotten upon camels, and fled.

18So David recovered all that the Amalecites had taken, and he rescued his two wives.

19And there was nothing missing small or great, neither of their sons or their daughters, nor of the spoils, and whatsoever they had taken, David recovered all.

20And he took all the flocks and the herds, and made them go before him: and they said: This is the prey of David.

21And David came to the two hundred men, who, being weary, had stayed, and were not able to follow David, and he had ordered them to abide at the torrent Besor: and they came out to meet David, and the people that were with him. And David coming to the people, saluted them peaceably.

22Then all the wicked and unjust men, that had gone with David, answering, said: Because they came not with us, we will not give them any thing of the prey which we have recovered: but let every man take his wife, and his children, and be contented with them, and go his way.

23But David said: You shall not do so, my brethren, with these things, which the Lord hath given us, who hath kept us, and hath delivered the robbers that invaded us into our hands:

24And no man shall hearken to you in this matter. But equal shall be the portion of him that went down to battle, and of him that abode at the baggage, and they shall divide alike.

25And this hath been done from that day forward, and since was made a statute and an ordinance, and as a law in Israel.

26Then David came to Siceleg, and sent presents of the prey to the ancients of Juda, his neighbours, saying: Receive a blessing of the prey of the enemies of the Lord.

27To them that were in Bethel, and that were in Ramoth to the south, and to them that were in Jether.

28And to them that were in Aroer, and that were in Sephamoth, and that were in Esthamo,

29And that were in Rachal, and that were in the cities of Jerameel, and that were in the cities of Ceni,

30And that were in Arama, and that were in the lake Asan, and that were in Athach,

31And that were in Hebron, and to the rest that were in those places, in which David had abode with his men.

Important Verses in 1 Samuel 30

Now when David and his men were come to Siceleg on the third day, the Amalecites had made an invasion on the south side upon Siceleg, and had smitten Siceleg, and burnt it with fire,

1 Samuel 30:1

And David was greatly afflicted: for the people had a mind to stone him, for the soul of every man was bitterly grieved for his sons and daughters: but David took courage in the Lord his God.

1 Samuel 30:6

But David said: You shall not do so, my brethren, with these things, which the Lord hath given us, who hath kept us, and hath delivered the robbers that invaded us into our hands:

1 Samuel 30:23

Then David came to Siceleg, and sent presents of the prey to the ancients of Juda, his neighbours, saying: Receive a blessing of the prey of the enemies of the Lord.

1 Samuel 30:26

Historical Context

1 Samuel addresses israel reflecting on the origins and meaning of kingship under God within the broader story of God's covenant people. Chapter 30 of 31 moves toward the climax of the book as earlier promises and conflicts converge. It is a narrative passage recounting concrete events in salvation history with 31 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. Historical attention falls on David, Abigail and Caleb, the principal figures named in this chapter. The chapter begins: "Now when David and his men were come to Siceleg on the third day, the Amalecites had made an invasion on the south side…" The final verse reads: "And that were in Hebron, and to the rest that were in those places, in which David had abode with his men. " Read against its original backdrop, First Samuel narrates Israel's transition from the age of the judges to the monarchy: the birth and call of Samuel, the demand for a king, the tragic reign of Saul, and the rise of David. Scholarly and ecclesial tradition places the composition of 1 Samuel around Events of the 11th century BC; compiled during the monarchy or exile.

Who Wrote It

Traditions associated with Samuel, Nathan, and Gad, compiled by later inspired editors

When It Was Written

Events of the 11th century BC; compiled during the monarchy or exile

Catholic Commentary

Read at the narrative level, this chapter describes real persons, decisions, and consequences within the transition from judges to monarchy. A pivotal line is verse 1: "Now when David and his men were come to Siceleg on the third day, the Amalecites had made an invasion on the south side upon Siceleg, and had smitten Siceleg,…" The passage repeatedly touches on family and covenant relationships.

Catholic exegesis reads 1 Samuel 30 within the unity of Scripture and Tradition. the anointing of kings prefigures Christ, the Anointed One (CIC 436). St. Thomas Aquinas and other Fathers of the Church saw in texts like this a preparation for or reflection of Christ, the center of revelation (CIC 854).

For Christians today, the chapter's lesson is clear: The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.. The Church invites us to receive this word not as antiquarian information but as living Scripture proclaimed at Mass and prayed in lectio divina.

Main Teachings

  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.
  • From the manna to the Last Supper, God feeds His people — fully in the Eucharist.
  • The Lord is a refuge and deliverer for all who call upon Him in trouble.

People in This Chapter

David26 mentionsAbigail1 mentionCaleb1 mention

Reflection for Today

1 Samuel Chapter 30 belongs to the Old Testament and forms part of the Catholic canon proclaimed in the liturgy of the Word.

Through typology, the Church often reads Old Testament passages as preparing for Christ, while New Testament passages reveal Him explicitly. the anointing of kings prefigures Christ, the Anointed One (CIC 436). Here the believer is invited to ponder the beatitudes as a program of life.

May your reading of 1 Samuel Chapter 30 become true lectio divina: read the words, meditate on their meaning, respond in prayer, and rest in God's presence. Ask the Holy Spirit to show how God looks at the heart, not outward appearance applies to your life today.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 1 Samuel Chapter 30 about?

1 Samuel 30 contains 31 verses. It opens with "Now when David and his men were come to Siceleg on the third day, the Amalecites had made an invasion on the south side…" and closes with "And that were in Hebron, and to the rest that were in those places, in which David had abode with his men. ". The book as a whole is historical narrative.

What is a key verse in 1 Samuel 30?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "Now when David and his men were come to Siceleg on the third day, the Amalecites had made an invasion on the south side upon Siceleg, and had smitten Siceleg, and burnt it with…" It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in 1 Samuel Chapter 30?

This chapter mentions David, Abigail, Caleb.

Who wrote 1 Samuel and when?

Traditions associated with Samuel, Nathan, and Gad, compiled by later inspired editors. Events of the 11th century BC; compiled during the monarchy or exile.

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