1 Maccabees – Chapter 8

Old Testament32 Verses

Chapter Summary

"Now Judas heard of the fame of the Romans, that they are powerful and strong, and willingly agree to all things that are requested of them:…" — so begins 1 Maccabees 8. The chapter centers on Judas, Eleazar and Philip. Across its 32 verses, two threads run through the text: God's kingdom and kingship and justice and care for the poor. Read slowly, this chapter rewards the kind of prayerful attention the Church calls lectio divina.

1Now Judas heard of the fame of the Romans, that they are powerful and strong, and willingly agree to all things that are requested of them: and that whosoever have come to them, they have made amity with them, and that they are mighty in power.

2And they heard of their battles, and their noble acts which they had done in Galatia, how they had conquered them, and brought them under tribute:

3And how great things they had done in the land of Spain, and that they had brought under their power the mines of silver and of gold that are there, and had gotten possession of all the place by their counsel and patience:

4And had conquered places that were very far off from them, and kings that came against them from the ends of the earth, and had overthrown them with great slaughter: and the rest pay them tribute every year.

5And that they had defeated in battle Philip and Perses the king of the Ceteans, and the rest that had borne arms against them, and had conquered them:

6And how Antiochus, the great king of Asia, who went to fight against them, having a hundred and twenty elephants, with horsemen, and chariots, and a very great army, was routed by them.

7And how they took him alive, and appointed to him, that both he and they that should reign after him, should pay a great tribute, and that he should give hostages, and that which was agreed upon,

8And the country of the Indians, and of the Medes, and of the Lydians, some of their best provinces: and those which they had taken from them, they gave to king Eumenes.

9And that they who were in Greece, had a mind to go and to destroy them: and they had knowledge thereof,

10And they sent a general against them, and fought with them, and many of them were slain, and they carried away their wives, and their children captives, and spoiled them, and took possession of their land, and threw down their walls, and brought them to be their servants unto this day.

11And the other kingdoms, and islands, that at any time had resisted them, they had destroyed and brought under their power.

12But with their friends, and such as relied upon them, they kept amity, and had conquered kingdoms that were near, and that were far off: for all that heard their name, were afraid of them.

13That whom they had a mind to help to a kingdom, those reigned: and whom they would, they deposed from the kingdom: and they were greatly exalted.

14And none of all these wore a crown, or was clothed in purple, to be magnified thereby.

15And that they had made themselves a senate house, and consulted daily three hundred and twenty men, that sat in counsel always for the people, that they might do the things that were right:

16And that they committed their government to one man every year, to rule over all their country, and they all obey one, and there is no envy nor jealousy amongst them.

17So Judas chose Eupolemus, the son of John, the son of Jacob, and Jason, the son of Eleazar, and he sent them to Rome to make a league of amity and confederacy with them:

18And that they might take off from them the yoke of the Grecians, for they saw that they oppressed the kingdom of Israel with servitude.

19And they went to Rome, a very long journey, and they entered into the senate house, and said:

20Judas Machabeus, and his brethren, and the people of the Jews, have sent us to you to make alliance and peace with you, and that we may be registered your confederates and friends.

21And the proposal was pleasing in their sight.

22And this is the copy of the writing that they wrote back again, graven in tables of brass, and sent to Jerusalem, that it might be with them there for a memorial of the peace, and alliance.

23GOOD SUCCESS BE TO THE ROMANS, and to the people of the Jews by sea, and by land, for ever: and far be the sword and enemy from them.

24But if there come first any war upon the Romans, or any of their confederates, in all their dominions:

25The nation of the Jews shall help them according as the time shall direct, with all their heart:

26Neither shall they give them, whilst they are fighting, or furnish them with wheat, or arms, or money, or ships, as it hath seemed good to the Romans: and they shall obey their orders, without taking any thing of them.

27In like manner also if war shall come first upon the nation of the Jews, the Romans shall help them with all their heart, according as the time shall permit them:

28And there shall not be given to them that come to their aid, either wheat, or arms, or money, or ships, as it hath seemed good to the Romans: and they shall observe their orders without deceit.

29According to these articles did the Romans covenant with the people of the Jews.

30And, if after this, one party or the other shall have a mind to add to these articles, or take away any thing, they may do it at their pleasure: and whatsoever they shall add, or take away, shall be ratified.

31Moreover, concerning the evils that Demetrius, the king, hath done against them, we have written to him, saying: Why hast thou made thy yoke heavy upon our friends and allies, the Jews.

32If, therefore, they come again to us complaining of thee, we will do them justice, and will make war against thee by sea and land.

Important Verses in 1 Maccabees 8

And the other kingdoms, and islands, that at any time had resisted them, they had destroyed and brought under their power.

1 Maccabees 8:11

And that they might take off from them the yoke of the Grecians, for they saw that they oppressed the kingdom of Israel with servitude.

1 Maccabees 8:18

According to these articles did the Romans covenant with the people of the Jews.

1 Maccabees 8:29

If, therefore, they come again to us complaining of thee, we will do them justice, and will make war against thee by sea and land.

1 Maccabees 8:32

Historical Context

1 Maccabees belongs to the Old Testament and was composed for jews commemorating the struggle that preserved the faith before Christ. Chapter 8 of 16 stands in the central portion of the book, where decisive events or teachings take shape. It is a narrative passage recounting concrete events in salvation history with 32 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. The chapter focuses on Judas, Eleazar, Philip and Jacob, whose actions and words drive the passage forward. The chapter begins: "Now Judas heard of the fame of the Romans, that they are powerful and strong, and willingly agree to all things that…" It concludes: "If, therefore, they come again to us complaining of thee, we will do them justice, and will make war against thee by…" The wider setting of 1 Maccabees is this: This deuterocanonical book records the Jewish revolt (167-134 BC) against the Seleucid king Antiochus IV Epiphanes, who profaned the Temple and outlawed the faith. Catholic tradition dates the book to the period described in its introduction: About 100 BC.

Who Wrote It

Unknown Jewish author writing in Hebrew

When It Was Written

About 100 BC

Catholic Commentary

Read at the narrative level, this chapter describes real persons, decisions, and consequences within faithfulness under persecution and the Maccabean revolt. A pivotal line is verse 11: "And the other kingdoms, and islands, that at any time had resisted them, they had destroyed and brought under their power." The passage repeatedly touches on God's kingdom and kingship.

Catholic exegesis reads 1 Maccabees 8 within the unity of Scripture and Tradition. this deuterocanonical book shows the importance of religious freedom (CIC 2104-2109). St. Irenaeus and other Fathers of the Church saw in texts like this a preparation for or reflection of Christ, the center of revelation (CIC 791).

The moral and spiritual import remains timely: God's kingdom is not of this world; every earthly throne stands under His eternal reign.. St. Jerome insisted that ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ; this chapter offers material for meditation, examination of conscience, and deeper love of God.

Main Teachings

  • God's kingdom is not of this world; every earthly throne stands under His eternal reign.
  • God defends the poor and the oppressed, and calls His people to act with justice.
  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.

People in This Chapter

Judas3 mentionsEleazar1 mentionPhilip1 mentionJacob1 mentionJohn1 mention

Reflection for Today

Sacred Scripture presents 1 Maccabees Chapter 8 as a unique stage in salvation history, not merely as background to other books.

St. John Damascene and other Fathers of the Church meditated on texts like this one, seeing in them instruction for the spiritual life. this deuterocanonical book shows the importance of religious freedom (CIC 2104-2109). The passage calls believers to grasp that It is better to die than to transgress the laws of our ancestors.

Consider praying with this chapter again at day's end, offering God gratitude for one insight received. The Church encourages daily contact with Scripture (CIC 2340) so that Christ's mind may be formed in us.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 1 Maccabees Chapter 8 about?

1 Maccabees 8 contains 32 verses. It opens with "Now Judas heard of the fame of the Romans, that they are powerful and strong, and willingly agree to all things that…" and closes with "If, therefore, they come again to us complaining of thee, we will do them justice, and will make war against thee by…". The book as a whole is historical narrative (deuterocanonical).

What is a key verse in 1 Maccabees 8?

One of the most significant verses is verse 11: "And the other kingdoms, and islands, that at any time had resisted them, they had destroyed and brought under their power." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in 1 Maccabees Chapter 8?

This chapter mentions Judas, Eleazar, Philip, Jacob, John.

Who wrote 1 Maccabees and when?

Unknown Jewish author writing in Hebrew. About 100 BC.

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