Luke – Chapter 15

New Testament32 Verses

Chapter Summary

Luke 15 opens with the words: "Now the publicans and sinners drew near unto him to hear him." Across its 32 verses, two threads run through the text: family and covenant relationships and sin and divine judgment. Read slowly, this chapter rewards the kind of prayerful attention the Church calls lectio divina.

1Now the publicans and sinners drew near unto him to hear him.

2And the Pharisees and the scribes murmured, saying: This man receiveth sinners and eateth with them.

3And he spoke to them this parable, saying:

4What man of you that hath an hundred sheep, and if he shall lose one of them, doth he not leave the ninety-nine in the desert and go after that which was lost, until he find it?

5And when he hath found it, lay it upon his shoulders, rejoicing?

6And coming home, call together his friends and neighbours, saying to them: Rejoice with me, because I have found my sheep that was lost?

7I say to you that even so there shall be joy in heaven upon one sinner that doth penance, more than upon ninety-nine just who need not penance.

8Or what woman having ten groats, if she lose one groat, doth not light a candle and sweep the house and seek diligently until she find it?

9And when she hath found it, call together her friends and neighbours, saying: Rejoice with me, because I have found the groat which I had lost.

10So I say to you, there shall be joy before the angels of God upon one sinner doing penance.

11And he said: A certain man had two sons.

12And the younger of them said to his father: Father, give me the portion of substance that falleth to me. And he divided unto them his substance.

13And not many days after, the younger son, gathering all together, went abroad into a far country: and there wasted his substance, living riotously.

14And after he had spent all, there came a mighty famine in that country: and he began to be in want.

15And he went and cleaved to one of the citizens of that country. And he sent him into his farm to feed swine.

16And he would fain have filled his belly with the husks the swine did eat: and no man gave unto him.

17And returning to himself, he said: How many hired servants in my father's house abound with bread, and I here perish with hunger!

18I will arise and will go to my father and say to him: Father, I have sinned against heaven and before thee.

19I am not worthy to be called thy son: make me as one of thy hired servants.

20And rising up, he came to his father. And when he was yet a great way off, his father saw him and was moved with compassion and running to him fell upon his neck and kissed him.

21And the son said to him: Father: I have sinned against heaven and before thee I am not now worthy to be called thy son.

22And the father said to his servants: Bring forth quickly the first robe and put it on him: and put a ring on his hand and shoes on his feet.

23And bring hither the fatted calf, and kill it: and let us eat and make merry:

24Because this my son was dead and is come to life again, was lost and is found. And they began to be merry.

25Now his elder son was in the field and when he came and drew nigh to the house, he heard music and dancing.

26And he called one of the servants, and asked what these things meant.

27And he said to him: Thy brother is come and thy father hath killed the fatted calf, because he hath received him safe.

28And he was angry and would not go in. His father therefore coming out began to entreat him.

29And he answering, said to his father: Behold, for so many years do I serve thee and I have never transgressed thy commandment: and yet thou hast never given me a kid to make merry with my friends.

30But as soon as this thy son is come, who hath devoured his substance with harlots, thou hast killed for him the fatted calf.

31But he said to him: Son, thou art always with me; and all I have is thine.

32But it was fit that we should make merry and be glad: for this thy brother was dead and is come to life again; he was lost, and is found.

Important Verses in Luke 15

Now the publicans and sinners drew near unto him to hear him.

Luke 15:1

So I say to you, there shall be joy before the angels of God upon one sinner doing penance.

Luke 15:10

And the son said to him: Father: I have sinned against heaven and before thee I am not now worthy to be called thy son.

Luke 15:21

But it was fit that we should make merry and be glad: for this thy brother was dead and is come to life again; he was lost, and is found.

Luke 15:32

Historical Context

Luke addresses gentile Christians, assured that salvation in Christ is for all peoples within the broader story of God's covenant people. Chapter 15 of 24 stands in the central portion of the book, where decisive events or teachings take shape. It is a narrative passage recounting concrete events in salvation history with 32 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. It opens with the line: "Now the publicans and sinners drew near unto him to hear him." It concludes: "But it was fit that we should make merry and be glad: for this thy brother was dead and is come to life again; he was…" In terms of historical background, Luke, the only Gentile author in Scripture, wrote an ordered account 'for Theophilus' emphasizing God's mercy for the poor, sinners, women, and outsiders. Scholarly and ecclesial tradition places the composition of Luke around About AD 80-90.

Who Wrote It

Luke, the beloved physician, companion of St. Paul

When It Was Written

About AD 80-90

Catholic Commentary

The literal sense of Luke 15 unfolds through 32 verses that carry forward the message of Jesus as Savior of all peoples, especially the poor. A pivotal line is verse 1: "Now the publicans and sinners drew near unto him to hear him." The passage repeatedly touches on family and covenant relationships.

Catholic exegesis reads Luke 15 within the unity of Scripture and Tradition. Luke emphasizes God's mercy and the role of the Holy Spirit (CIC 714). St. Athanasius and other Fathers of the Church saw in texts like this a preparation for or reflection of Christ, the center of revelation (CIC 355).

The moral and spiritual import remains timely: The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.. St. Jerome insisted that ignorance of Scripture is ignorance of Christ; this chapter offers material for meditation, examination of conscience, and deeper love of God.

Main Teachings

  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.
  • Sin has real consequences, but God's judgment always aims at conversion and restoration.
  • From the manna to the Last Supper, God feeds His people — fully in the Eucharist.

Reflection for Today

The Catholic Church treasures Luke Chapter 15 as the "Gospel within the Gospel"—the clearest revelation of God's merciful love for sinners. The Catechism of the Catholic Church cites the parable of the Prodigal Son as the supreme illustration of God's mercy and the model for the Sacrament of Reconciliation (CIC 1439, 1468).

According to Catholic teaching, the father in the parable represents God the Father, whose mercy is not earned but freely given to all who return with contrite hearts. Pope St. John Paul II's encyclical Dives in Misericordia extensively meditates on this parable, showing that mercy is the "second name" of love. Pope Francis declared a Jubilee Year of Mercy (2015-2016) centered on this chapter's message.

The older brother's resentment warns against the spiritual danger of self-righteousness—a theme emphasized by the Church Fathers. Catholic theology teaches that we must not only receive God's mercy but extend it to others. The Corporal and Spiritual Works of Mercy, rooted in this chapter's teaching, are essential to Catholic life. As the Catechism states, "The works of mercy are charitable actions by which we come to the aid of our neighbor" (CIC 2447).

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Luke Chapter 15 about?

Luke 15 contains 32 verses. It opens with "Now the publicans and sinners drew near unto him to hear him." and closes with "But it was fit that we should make merry and be glad: for this thy brother was dead and is come to life again; he was…". The book as a whole is gospel.

What is a key verse in Luke 15?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "Now the publicans and sinners drew near unto him to hear him." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who wrote Luke and when?

Luke, the beloved physician, companion of St. Paul. About AD 80-90.

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