1 Chronicles – Chapter 19

Old Testament19 Verses

Chapter Summary

1 Chronicles 19 opens with the words: "Now it came to pass that Naas the king of the children of Ammon died, and his son reigned in his stead." David stands at the center of this chapter. Across its 19 verses, two threads run through the text: family and covenant relationships and God's kingdom and kingship. Read slowly, this chapter rewards the kind of prayerful attention the Church calls lectio divina.

1Now it came to pass that Naas the king of the children of Ammon died, and his son reigned in his stead.

2And David said: I will shew kindness to Hanon the son of Naas: for his father did a favour tome. And David sent messengers to comfort him upon the death of his father. But when they were come into the land of the children of Ammon, to comfort Hanon,

3The princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanon: Thou thinkest perhaps that David to do honour to thy father hath sent comforters to thee: and thou dost not take notice, that his servants are come to thee to consider, and search, and spy out thy land.

4Wherefore Hanon shaved the heads and beards of the servants of David, and cut away their garments from the buttocks to the feet, and sent them away.

5And when they were gone, they sent word to David, who sent to meet them (for they had suffered a great affront) and ordered them to stay at Jericho till their beards grew and then to return.

6And when the children of Ammon saw that they had done an injury to David, Hanon and the rest of the people sent a thousand talents of silver, to hire them chariots and horsemen out of Mesopotamia and out of Syria Maacha, and out of Soba.

7And they hired two and thirty thousand chariots, and the king of Maacha, with his people. And they came and camped over against Medaba. And the children of Ammon gathered themselves together out of their cities, and came to battle.

8And when David heard of it, he sent Joab, and all the army of valiant men:

9And the children of Ammon came out and put their army in array before the gate of the city: and the kings, that were come to their aid, stood apart in the field.

10Wherefore Joab understanding that the battle was set against him before and behind, chose out the bravest men of all Israel, and marched against the Syrians,

11And the rest of the people he delivered into the hand of Abisai his brother, and they went against the children of Ammon.

12And he said: If the Syrians be too strong for me, then thou shalt help me: but if the children of Ammon be too strong for thee, I will help thee.

13Be of good courage and let us behave ourselves manfully for our people, and for the cities of our God: and the Lord will do that which is good in his sight.

14So Joab and the people that were with him, went against the Syrians to the battle: and he put them to flight.

15And the children of Ammon seeing that the Syrians were fled, they likewise fled from Abisai his brother, and went into the city: and Joab also returned to Jerusalem.

16But the Syrians seeing that they had fallen before Israel, sent messengers, and brought to them the Syrians that were beyond the river: and Sophach, general of the army of Adarezer, was their leader.

17And it was told David, and he gathered together all Israel, and passed the Jordan, and came upon them, and put his army in array against them, and they fought with him.

18But the Syrian fled before Israel: and David slew of the Syrians seven thousand chariots, and forty thousand footmen, and Sophach the general of the army.

19And when the servants of Adarezer saw themselves overcome by Israel, they went over to David, and served him: and Syria would not help the children of Ammon any more.

Important Verses in 1 Chronicles 19

Now it came to pass that Naas the king of the children of Ammon died, and his son reigned in his stead.

1 Chronicles 19:1

Wherefore Hanon shaved the heads and beards of the servants of David, and cut away their garments from the buttocks to the feet, and sent them away.

1 Chronicles 19:4

Be of good courage and let us behave ourselves manfully for our people, and for the cities of our God: and the Lord will do that which is good in his sight.

1 Chronicles 19:13

And when the servants of Adarezer saw themselves overcome by Israel, they went over to David, and served him: and Syria would not help the children of Ammon any more.

1 Chronicles 19:19

Historical Context

As a Old Testament book, 1 Chronicles was written with the post-exilic community rebuilding its identity around Temple worship in view. Chapter 19 of 29 stands in the central portion of the book, where decisive events or teachings take shape. It is a narrative passage recounting concrete events in salvation history with 19 verses in the Douay-Rheims translation. The chapter focuses on David, whose actions and words drive the passage forward. The chapter begins: "Now it came to pass that Naas the king of the children of Ammon died, and his son reigned in his stead." The chapter ends with: "And when the servants of Adarezer saw themselves overcome by Israel, they went over to David, and served him: and Syria…" The wider setting of 1 Chronicles is this: Writing for the restored community after the exile, the Chronicler retells Israel's story with emphasis on David, the Temple, and worship. Scholarly and ecclesial tradition places the composition of 1 Chronicles around After the return from exile, around 400-350 BC.

Who Wrote It

Traditionally attributed to Ezra; called 'the Chronicler' by scholars

When It Was Written

After the return from exile, around 400-350 BC

Catholic Commentary

The literal sense of 1 Chronicles 19 presents a concrete episode in the history of David's legacy and Temple preparation. A pivotal line is verse 1: "Now it came to pass that Naas the king of the children of Ammon died, and his son reigned in his stead." The passage repeatedly touches on family and covenant relationships.

The Church teaches that every passage of Scripture must be read in light of Christ and the Magisterium (CIC 2215). Here, the genealogies connect to Christ's lineage (CIC 437). The spiritual sense invites believers to recognize family and covenant relationships as part of God's pedagogy of salvation.

For Christians today, the chapter's lesson is clear: The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.. The Church invites us to receive this word not as antiquarian information but as living Scripture proclaimed at Mass and prayed in lectio divina.

Main Teachings

  • The family is the first school of faith, where love, obedience, and forgiveness are learned.
  • God's kingdom is not of this world; every earthly throne stands under His eternal reign.
  • God's presence casts out fear; His command 'Be not afraid' echoes throughout salvation history.

People in This Chapter

David10 mentions

Reflection for Today

The central section of 1 Chronicles—Chapter 19 of 29—opens a particular moment in the story of David's legacy and Temple preparation.

According to Catholic teaching, the genealogies connect to Christ's lineage (CIC 437). This chapter especially highlights the role of the sacraments in sanctification, a theme the Catechism develops in relation to the whole of revelation (CIC 1700).

Let 1 Chronicles Chapter 19 deepen your love for the Eucharist, where the Word made flesh continues to feed His people. The same Christ who speaks in Scripture offers Himself sacramentally on the altar.

💡Catholic Reflection • Church Teachings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 1 Chronicles Chapter 19 about?

1 Chronicles 19 contains 19 verses. It opens with "Now it came to pass that Naas the king of the children of Ammon died, and his son reigned in his stead." and closes with "And when the servants of Adarezer saw themselves overcome by Israel, they went over to David, and served him: and Syria…". The book as a whole is historical narrative and genealogy.

What is a key verse in 1 Chronicles 19?

One of the most significant verses is verse 1: "Now it came to pass that Naas the king of the children of Ammon died, and his son reigned in his stead." It is often cited in Catholic teaching and preaching.

Who appears in 1 Chronicles Chapter 19?

This chapter mentions David.

Who wrote 1 Chronicles and when?

Traditionally attributed to Ezra; called 'the Chronicler' by scholars. After the return from exile, around 400-350 BC.

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